format-version: 1.0 version: $Revision: 1.60 $ date: 03:04:2008 13:07 saved-by: Pankaj Jaiswal auto-generated-by: DAG-Edit 1.419 rev 3 default-namespace: plant_trait_ontology [Term] id: TO:0000001 name: carbon sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the carbon content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in the synthesis of various inorganic and organic metabolites such as carbohydrates\, lipids\, aminoacids and peptides and plays a role in various metabolic processes." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "CBSN" [] related_synonym: "carbon deficiency" [] is_a: TO:0000252 ! non-mineral nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000002 name: epigenetic trait def: "An epigenetic trait is a distinguishable feature or a characteristic or a quality of character or a phenotypic feature of a developing or developed individual but have arisen as a result of mechanisms regulating the expression of the genes rather than differences in the gene sequence." [GR:pj, ISBN:0198506732] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000003 name: alkali soil sensitivity def: "Observed by general growth conditions in relation to standard resistant and susceptible checks. Since some soil problems are very heterogeneous in the field\, several replications may be needed to obtain precise reading. Leaf is counted as discolored or dead if more than half of its area is discolored or dead. " [ICIS:1202, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "AlkS" [] related_synonym: "alkali sensitivity" [] is_a: TO:0000481 ! alkali sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000004 name: reversible male sterility def: "Trait of a plant in which the action of the cytotoxic gene used to introduce male sterility is suppressed by the application of a chemical to the plant. Reversion of the sterility allows the RMS parent to be self-fertilized\, a step that overcomes the need to remove fertile sib plants prior to making the hybrid cross" [PMID:10645437] related_synonym: "RMS" [] is_a: TO:0000111 ! genetically engineered male sterility [Term] id: TO:0000006 name: calcium sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the calcium content in the growth medium. Plays an important role in cell wall synthesis and enzyme activities." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "CALSN" [] related_synonym: "calcium deficiency" [] is_a: TO:0000251 ! secondary macronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000007 name: sulfur sensitivity def: "Response by the plant in terms of sensitivity to sulfur content in the growth medium. It is important for synthesis of some amino acid residues" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "SFSN" [] related_synonym: "sulfur deficiency" [] is_a: TO:0000251 ! secondary macronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000008 name: potassium sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the potassium ion content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in controlling water by osmosis and also in the metal ion homeostasis." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "KSN" [] related_synonym: "potassium deficiency" [] is_a: TO:0000248 ! primary macronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000009 name: genic male sterility-photoperiod sensitive def: "Male sterility affected by photoperiod" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "PGMS" [] related_synonym: "PPDSNGMS" [] related_synonym: "photoperiod sensitive genic male sterility" [] is_a: TO:0000199 ! genic male sterility [Term] id: TO:0000010 name: magnesium sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the magnesium content in the growth medium. It is important for chlorophyll biosynthesis and metal ion homeostasis." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "MGSN" [] related_synonym: "magnesium deficiency" [] is_a: TO:0000251 ! secondary macronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000011 name: nitrogen sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the nitrogen content in the growth medium. It is important for protein synthesis\, chlorophyll etc." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "NISN" [] related_synonym: "nitrogen deficiency" [] is_a: TO:0000248 ! primary macronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000012 name: hydrogen sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the molecular hydrogen or hydrogen ion content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in the synthesis of various inorganic and organic metabolites such as carbohydrates\, lipids\, aminoacids and peptides and plays a role in the energy metabolism\, osmolarity\, etc." [GR:pj] synonym: "hydrogen ion sensitivity" [] synonym: "molecular hydrogen sensitivity" [] is_a: TO:0000252 ! non-mineral nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000013 name: resistance to disease by mycoplasma-like organism def: "An assay to determine the resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to the disease caused by a mycoplasma-like pathogen infection as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] comment: The factors needed for successful test are the presence of sources and vectors\, inoculation at the susceptible growth stage of the test plants and favorable environmental conditions. related_synonym: "MLO" [] related_synonym: "MLORS" [] is_a: TO:0000112 ! disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000014 name: panicle weight def: "Average weight of the panicle from the plants or tillers in a given study." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "PNWT" [] is_a: TO:0000583 ! inflorescence weight [Term] id: TO:0000015 name: oxygen sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the molecular oxygen or reactive oxygen ion content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in the synthesis of various inorganic and organic metabolites such as carbohydrates\, lipids\, aminoacids and peptides and plays a role in the energy metabolism." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "oxygen deficiency" [] is_a: TO:0000252 ! non-mineral nutrient sensitivity is_a: TO:0002657 ! oxidative stress [Term] id: TO:0000016 name: cobalt sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the cobalt content in the growth medium." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "COSN" [] is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000017 name: anatomy and morphology related trait def: "This category belongs to traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the plant at organ\, tissue or cellular level." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "plant architecture trait" [] related_synonym: "plant structure trait" [] is_a: TO:0000387 ! trait ontology [Term] id: TO:0000018 name: boron sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the boron content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in cell division" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "BOSN" [] related_synonym: "boron deficiency" [] is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000019 name: seedling height def: "Average height measurements of 10 seedlings\, in centimeters from the base of the shoot to the tip of the tallest leaf blade." [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "SH" [] is_a: TO:0000207 ! plant height [Term] id: TO:0000020 name: black streak dwarf virus resistance related_synonym: "BSDVRS" [] is_a: TO:0000148 ! viral disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000021 name: copper sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the copper ion content in the growth medium. Plays a role as cofactor in synthesis of some enzymes important in photosynthesis" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "CUSN" [] is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000022 name: stink bug resistance def: "Causal agent\: Oebalus pugnax" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "SBUGRS" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000023 name: fungal infection related grain discoloration def: "Causal agent\: species of Sarocladium\, Bipolaris\, Alternaria\, Gerlachia\, Fusarium\, Phoma\, Curvularia\, Trichoconiella and Psaudomonas etc. Symptoms\: darkening of glumes of spikelets\, brown color to black including rotten glumes caused by one or more pathogens. Intensity ranges from sporadic discoloration to discoloration of the whole glume. Severity of grain discoloration can be estimated by counting of grains with more than 25% of glume surface affected. " [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "Gd" [] related_synonym: "grain discoloration" [] is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000024 name: ligule length def: "The actual measurement of ligules measured in millimeters from the base of the leaf collar to the ligule tip. " [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "LIGLG" [] related_synonym: "LgL" [] is_a: TO:0002748 ! ligule anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000025 name: molybdenum sensitivity def: "Important for nitrate fixation" [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000026 name: aborted tri-nucleate stage def: "Abortion at tri-nucleate stage of microspore development" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] comment: An example is CMS-boro in rice related_synonym: "TNUABR" [] is_a: TO:0000218 ! pollen abortion type [Term] id: TO:0000027 name: culm number def: "Actual count of the total number of tillers after full heading\, Specify if per plant\, hill or area " [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "CmN" [] is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait [Term] id: TO:0000028 name: unfilled grain number def: "Number of unfilled florets in a grass inflorescence. " [GR:pj] synonym: "UNFILGRNB" [] synonym: "unfilled florets per panicle" [] synonym: "unfilled grain" [] is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait is_a: TO:0002759 ! grain number [Term] id: TO:0000029 name: chlorine sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the chlorine content in the growth medium. Chloride helps regulate the correct pH (acid/alkaline) balance. This is a major electrolyte in the living cell besides sodium and potassium. It is available to the cell mainly in the form of NaCl and KCl salts." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "CHLORSN" [] is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000030 name: sedge weed def: "a common sedge weed Cyperus iria (rice flatsedge)\, Cyperus difformis (Small flower umbrella sedge)\, Rice field bulrush Scirpus mucronatus\, River bulrush Scirpus fluviatilis. Grows as a weed in the rice field. Can be distinguished from grass plant by the leaf shape\, venation\, stem cross-section and plant shape leaf shape." [GR:pj, ISBN:9712200299, web:http //www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r682700999.html] is_a: TO:0000347 ! weed damage [Term] id: TO:0000031 name: silicon sensitivity is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000032 name: selenium sensitivity is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000033 name: iodine sensitivity is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000034 name: chromium sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the chromium content in the growth medium." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "CHRSN" [] is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000035 name: incompatibility trait is_a: TO:0000392 ! sterility or fertility trait [Term] id: TO:0000036 name: hybrid incompatibility related_synonym: "HYBIC" [] is_a: TO:0000035 ! incompatibility trait is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait [Term] id: TO:0000037 name: male sterility extent def: "Determines the extent of male sterility of a male sterile line. Can be determined by either pollen sterility or spikelet fertility" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "degree of male sterility of male sterile lines" [] related_synonym: "male sterility measure" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000038 name: fluorine sensitivity is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000039 name: yield component def: "defines the components that determine the over all yield from a plant" [GR:pj] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000040 name: panicle length def: "Is the actual measurement in centimeters from panicle base to tip." [IRRI:SES] comment: Evaluated at growth stage\:8 in rice related_synonym: "PNLG" [] related_synonym: "PnL" [] is_a: TO:0000271 ! inflorescence length [Term] id: TO:0000041 name: brown rice length def: "Length of the grain monitored after dehulling but before polishing. The grain should contain pericarp." [ICIS:1259, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "BRWLG" [] related_synonym: "Len" [] is_a: TO:0000734 ! grain length [Term] id: TO:0000042 name: f1-hybrid incompatibility related_synonym: "F1HYBIC" [] is_a: TO:0000036 ! hybrid incompatibility [Term] id: TO:0000043 name: root anatomy and morphology trait def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the root and its parts." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000017 ! anatomy and morphology related trait [Term] id: TO:0000044 name: stigma exsertion def: "Trait is monitored by counting number of flowers or florets that have completed anthesis on a given day and showing exserted stigma. Trait expressed as percent stigma exsertion. " [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] comment: Scale\, (%)\, Stigma exsertion; 1- Above 70\, Well exserted; 3- 41-70\, Moderately well exserted; 5- 21-40\, Just exserted; 7- 11-20\, Partly exserted; 9- 0-10\, Enclosed. Evaluated at growth stage\:6 and 7 in rice related_synonym: "STIEX" [] related_synonym: "stigma exsertion of male sterile lines" [] is_a: TO:0006012 ! carpel anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000045 name: udbatta disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Balanasia oryzae-sativae (Ephelis oryzae). Symptoms\: a white mycelial mat ties the panicle branches together so that they emerge as single\, small\, cylindrical rods." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "UDb" [] is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000046 name: f2-generation sterility related_synonym: "F2GST" [] is_a: TO:0000036 ! hybrid incompatibility [Term] id: TO:0000047 name: sporophytic incompatibility is_a: TO:0000310 ! self-incompatibility [Term] id: TO:0000048 name: kernel smut disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Tilletia barclayana. Symptoms\: infected grains show minute black pustules or streaks bursting through the glumes. In severe infection\, the rupturing glumes produce short beak-like or spur-like outgrowths. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1109] related_synonym: "KSRS" [] related_synonym: "KSm" [] is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000049 name: gametophytic incompatibility related_synonym: "GPHIC" [] is_a: TO:0000310 ! self-incompatibility [Term] id: TO:0000050 name: inflorescence branching alt_id: TO:0000263 def: "The extent of branching usually sets the tone for shape and compactness of the inflorescence." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "panicle branching" [] is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0000621 ! inflorescence development trait [Term] id: TO:0000051 name: stem strength def: "The test gives indication of culm stiffness and resilience" [GR:pj, ICIS:1014, IRRI:Rice SES (1996)] synonym: "STEMSTR" [] related_synonym: "CULMSTR" [] related_synonym: "Cs" [] related_synonym: "culm strength" [] is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait [Term] id: TO:0000052 name: primary branching of inflorescence def: "The extent of primary branching usually sets the tone for shape and compactness of the inflorescence (rice panicle)" [GR:pj] synonym: "PBR" [] related_synonym: "primary branching of panicle" [] is_a: TO:0000050 ! inflorescence branching [Term] id: TO:0000053 name: pollen sterility def: "Observed under a microscope at magnification 10x10 after staining with 1% iodine potassium iodide (IKI) solution. Samples for pollen are collected from anthers and fixed in 70% alcohol. two-three anthers are extracted from each floret and pollens are squeezed out into the IKI solution drop. at least three fields are used to count the sterile pollens viz. unstained withered\, unstained spherical and partially stained round and fertile pollens from stained round. percentage sterility is calculated as = (unstained withered+unstained spherical+partially stained) x 100/total number of pollens in the field including the fertile. " [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] is_a: TO:0000437 ! male sterility [Term] id: TO:0000054 name: animal damage resistance def: "Response by the plant in terms of resistivity or sensitivity to the animals infesting them." [GR:pj] synonym: "pest resistance" [] is_a: TO:0000236 ! crop damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000055 name: leaf lamina pubescence def: "Extent of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the leaf blade surface." [IRRI:SES] synonym: "LFLPUBES" [] related_synonym: "LBP" [] related_synonym: "LFLHR" [] related_synonym: "leaf blade pubescence" [] is_a: TO:0002722 ! leaf pubescence [Term] id: TO:0000056 name: stem color def: "Variation in color of the stem." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000057 name: grain moisture is_a: TO:0000228 ! moisture content related trait [Term] id: TO:0000058 name: herbicide sensitivity def: "An assay to determine the tolerance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide." [GR:pj] comment: It is expected that the herbicide application must not affect the agronomic yield\, if any. related_synonym: "herbicide tolerance" [] related_synonym: "weedicide tolerance" [] xref_analog: EO:EO\:0007183 is_a: TO:0000482 ! chemical stress sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000059 name: node color def: "Color of the stem node." [GR:pj] synonym: "NDCL" [] relationship: part_of TO:0000056 ! stem color [Term] id: TO:0000060 name: aborted uni-nucleate stage def: "Abortion at uni-nucleate stage of microspore development" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] comment: An example is CMS-WA in rice related_synonym: "UNUABR" [] is_a: TO:0000218 ! pollen abortion type [Term] id: TO:0000061 name: node shattering synonym: "brittle node" [] is_a: TO:0000051 ! stem strength [Term] id: TO:0000062 name: phenol reaction is_a: TO:0000489 ! carbohydrate composition related trait [Term] id: TO:0000063 name: mimic response related_synonym: "MIRP" [] related_synonym: "disease mimic response" [] related_synonym: "lesion mimic" [] is_a: TO:0000236 ! crop damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000064 name: embryo related trait is_a: TO:0000184 ! seed anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000065 name: root color def: "The color of the root." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "RTCL" [] is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000066 name: spot disease is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000067 name: genic male sterility-thermo sensitive def: "Temperature sensitive male sterility\, affected by environment" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "TGMS" [] related_synonym: "thermo sensitive genic male sterility" [] is_a: TO:0000199 ! genic male sterility [Term] id: TO:0000068 name: lodging incidence def: "Measure of percentage of plants that lodged." [ICIS:1010, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "LOI" [] related_synonym: "Lg" [] is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000069 name: variegated leaf synonym: "albino leaf striping" [] related_synonym: "leaf stripes" [] is_a: TO:0000326 ! leaf color [Term] id: TO:0000070 name: variegated leaf necrosis def: "Variegated leaf necrosis or scorching observed in response to stresses like drought\, insecticides and cold temperature as evidenced by chlorotic and/or necrotic tissue." [GR:pj] comment: In maize this trait is observed for chlorotic tissue between veins or older leaves\, causing holes and torn appearance synonym: "VLFNEC" [] synonym: "ragged leaf" [] is_a: TO:0000069 ! variegated leaf is_a: TO:0000652 ! leaf necrosis [Term] id: TO:0000071 name: anthocyanin content def: "The anthocyanin content in a plant or plant part." [ISBN:198506732] comment: Anthocyanin is the red to purple pigments composed of soluble glycosides of anthocyanidins\, present in leaves and floral tissue. Usually the pigment is produced under stress conditions. Amounts of anthocyanin produced depend on stored sugar and sunlight. The more stored sugar in the leaf and brighter the autumn days\, the more intense red. Anthocyanin production also increases as phosphates move out of the leaves; the lack of phosphates in young leaves can also lead to the production of anthocyanin. related_synonym: "ANTHCN" [] is_a: TO:0000290 ! flavonoid content is_a: TO:0000494 ! pigment content [Term] id: TO:0000072 name: awn length def: "Defines the length of awn." [ICIS:1063, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "AWNLG" [] related_synonym: "An" [] related_synonym: "awning" [] is_a: TO:0002718 ! awn anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000073 name: manganese sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the manganese content in the growth medium. It is important for activation of some enzymes and role in metal ion homeostasis." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "MNSN" [] is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000074 name: blast disease def: "Causal agent\: Magnaporthe grisea" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "BLRS" [] related_synonym: "blast disease resistance" [] related_synonym: "blast disease susceptibility" [] is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000075 name: light sensitivity def: "Response shown by the plant in terms of sensitivity to light stress (quality and quantity of light)." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000161 ! radiation response trait [Term] id: TO:0000076 name: inflorescence feature def: "The instances define various distinguishing trait features associated with inflorescence and its instances." [GR:pj] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000077 name: shoot anatomy and morphology trait def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the shoot and its parts." [GR:pj] comment: Does not include traits on fruit\, fruit parts and adventitious roots whcih are borne on the shoot. is_a: TO:0000017 ! anatomy and morphology related trait [Term] id: TO:0000078 name: root dry weight def: "The average dry weight of the root determined in a study." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "RTDWT" [] related_synonym: "rdw" [] related_synonym: "rdw/t" [] related_synonym: "root dry weight per tiller" [] related_synonym: "total root dry weight" [] is_a: TO:0000279 ! root weight relationship: part_of TO:0000352 ! plant dry weight [Term] id: TO:0000079 name: lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the lemma and palea and their parts." [GR:pj] synonym: "lemma and palea related trait" [] is_a: TO:0000274 ! floret anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000080 name: micronutrient sensitivity def: "Sensitivity response shown by the plant grown in either the excess or deficient amount of the micronutrient in the growth medium (soil)" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "micronutrient deficiency" [] is_a: TO:0000480 ! nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000081 name: deep root dry weight def: "The average dry weight of the root\, (for the root part 30cm below the soil surface) determined per tiller in a green house study." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] exact_synonym: "DRTDWT" [] exact_synonym: "deep root dry weight per tiller" [] exact_synonym: "deep root weight" [] exact_synonym: "drw" [] exact_synonym: "drw/t" [] is_a: TO:0000078 ! root dry weight [Term] id: TO:0000082 name: zigzag leafhopper resistance def: "Causal agent\: Recilia dorsalis (Motschulsky)." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "ZLFHRS" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000083 name: penetrated root number def: "Its the total number of roots penetrating the hard pans of the soil or the number of roots penetrated through the wax-petrolatum layer measured at 50 days after sowing (DAS)\," [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "PENRTNB" [] related_synonym: "npr" [] related_synonym: "number of penetrating roots" [] is_a: TO:0000084 ! root number [Term] id: TO:0000084 name: root number def: "Average sum of number of roots in a plant derived per experiment." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "RTNB" [] related_synonym: "tnr" [] is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000085 name: leaf rolling def: "Leaf rolling is a feature observed in response to stresses like drought\, water and temperature. It precedes leaf drying stage. " [GR:jcl, GR:pj] synonym: "wilting" [] related_synonym: "LFRL" [] is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000086 name: sheath rot disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Sarocladium oryzae. Symptoms\: oblong or irregular brown to grey lesions on the leaf sheath near panicle; sometimes coalescing to prevent emergence of panicle. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1114, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "SHROTRS" [] related_synonym: "ShR" [] is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000087 name: aroma def: "The aroma of the cooked/uncooked grains." [GR:pj, ICIS:1252, IRRI:SES] comment: It is often associated with the accumulation of the aromatic compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline. related_synonym: "AROMA" [] related_synonym: "Sct" [] related_synonym: "odour" [] exact_synonym: "scent" [] is_a: TO:0000488 ! seed composition based quality trait is_a: TO:0002694 ! fruit flavor trait [Term] id: TO:0000088 name: rice yellow mottle virus resistance def: "Causal agent\: rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV). Symptoms\: stunting\, reduced tillering\, mottling and yellowish streaking of the leaves\, delayed flowering or incomplete emergence of the panicle; in extreme cases\, death of plants. " [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "RYMV" [] related_synonym: "RYMVRS" [] is_a: TO:0000148 ! viral disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000089 name: panicle type def: "Panicle types are classified according to their mode of branching\, angle of primary branches\, and spikelet density." [ICIS:1066, IRRI:SES] synonym: "PNTYPE" [] synonym: "Panicle attitude of branches" [] related_synonym: "PnT" [] is_a: TO:0000267 ! inflorescence type is_a: TO:0000621 ! inflorescence development trait [Term] id: TO:0000090 name: penetrated root thickness def: "At 50 days after sowing (DAS)\, the thickness of roots penetrated through the wax-petrolatum layer is measured. Penetrated root thickness is measured on penetrated roots immediately below the wax layer" [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "PENRTTH" [] related_synonym: "prt" [] is_a: TO:0000306 ! root thickness [Term] id: TO:0000091 name: leafhopper is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000092 name: deep root to shoot ratio def: "The ratio of deep root root length (for the roots found 30cm below the soil surface) and the shoot length determined in a study." [GR:pj] synonym: "deep root length to shoot length ratio" [] related_synonym: "DRTSHRO" [] related_synonym: "deep root ratio" [] related_synonym: "deep root/shoot ratio" [] related_synonym: "dr/s" [] is_a: TO:0000278 ! root to shoot ratio [Term] id: TO:0000093 name: root pulling force related_synonym: "RTPF" [] related_synonym: "rpf" [] is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000094 name: basal root thickness def: "The thickness of the root present 2cm below the soil surface." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "BARTTH" [] related_synonym: "brt" [] is_a: TO:0000306 ! root thickness [Term] id: TO:0000095 name: osmotic response sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the osmoticum in the growth medium." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "OSRPSN" [] related_synonym: "oa" [] is_a: TO:0000237 ! water stress trait is_a: TO:0000482 ! chemical stress sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000096 name: ratooning ability def: "Regeneration of the main stem and tillers after harvesting in a grass plant." [GR:jn, GR:pj] related_synonym: "RAAB" [] is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait [Term] id: TO:0000097 name: amylopectin content def: "Amount of amylopectin present in the plant or plant part. " [ISBN:198506732] comment: It is a polysaccharide present in starch. Amylopectin is a polymer of alpha(1\,4)-linked glucose units\, as is amylose (see amylose). Unlike amylose\, amylopectin contains branches of 2430 glucose units connected to the main chain by an alpha(1\,6) linkage. related_synonym: "AMYPCTCN" [] is_a: TO:0000489 ! carbohydrate composition related trait is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality is_a: TO:0006007 ! polysaccharide content [Term] id: TO:0000098 name: glutinous endosperm def: "Opaque and hard endosperm with low or no amylose content" [GR:pj] comment: If the endosperm has high amount of amylose it is called as non-glutinous endosperm synonym: "opaque endosperm" [] synonym: "waxy endosperm" [] is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality [Term] id: TO:0000099 name: sugary endosperm def: "Endosperm is wrinkled and glassy when dry." [GR:pj] synonym: "sugary kernel" [] is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality [Term] id: TO:0000100 name: shrunken endosperm def: "Shrunken and opaque to translucent endosperm. Rich in sugars." [GR:pj] synonym: "collapsed kernel" [] synonym: "transluscent kernel" [] is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality [Term] id: TO:0000101 name: broad-leaved weed def: "a common sedge weed Monochoria vaginalis (monochoria) \, California arrowhead Sagittaria montevidensis\, Gregg arrowhead Sagittaria longiloba\, Ducksalad Heteranthera limosa\, Echinodorus berteroi and E. cordifolius (Burhead)\, Ammannia spp (Redstems)\, Bacopa spp. (Waterhyssops)\, Alisma plantago-aquatica (Common waterplantain) . Grows as a weed in the rice field. Can be distinguished from rice plant by the leaf shape\, venation\, stem cross-section and plant shape leaf shape." [GR:pj, ISBN:9712200299, web:http //www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r682700999.html] is_a: TO:0000347 ! weed damage [Term] id: TO:0000102 name: phosphorus sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the phosphorous content in the growth medium. It is important in various biochemical pathways and storage of energy. " [ICIS:1213, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "PDef" [] related_synonym: "PHOSN" [] related_synonym: "phosphorus deficiency" [] is_a: TO:0000248 ! primary macronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000103 name: deepwater stress def: "The sensitivity response shown by the plant growing in a stagnant water for a long period of time (not unlike deepwater presence during flash flooding of the fields)." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "DWSTR" [] related_synonym: "deep water stress" [] is_a: TO:0000237 ! water stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000104 name: floury endosperm def: "Opaque and soft endosperm" [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality [Term] id: TO:0000105 name: dull endosperm def: "Glassy and tarnished endosperm\, low amylose content" [GR:pj] synonym: "glassy endosperm" [] is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality [Term] id: TO:0000106 name: male sterility type def: "Represents the different types of male sterility found in plants" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "MS" [] is_a: TO:0000437 ! male sterility [Term] id: TO:0000107 name: endosperm storage protein-1 content def: "Assay for the amount of 13kDa seed storage protein present in the endosperm." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0002653 ! endosperm storage protein content [Term] id: TO:0000108 name: leaf shattering def: "Extent of leaf shattering based on the development of abscission zone." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "LFSH" [] is_a: TO:0000419 ! leaf anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000109 name: endosperm storage protein-2 content def: "Assay for amount of 57kDa seed storage protein present in the endosperm." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0002653 ! endosperm storage protein content [Term] id: TO:0000110 name: wild abortive CMS def: "Abortion of microspore development at uni-nucleate stage" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "CMS-WA" [] related_synonym: "WACMS" [] is_a: TO:0000060 ! aborted uni-nucleate stage is_a: TO:0000232 ! cytoplasmic male sterility (sensu Oryza) [Term] id: TO:0000111 name: genetically engineered male sterility def: "The sterility induced by transgenes expressing cytotoxic component" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] is_a: TO:0000106 ! male sterility type [Term] id: TO:0000112 name: disease resistance def: "An assay to determine the resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to the disease caused by a pathogen infection as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj] comment: It represents the damage done by the diease and/or the pathogen to the plant. The damage is a direct measure of resistance to the particular pathogen variety causing the disease. exact_synonym: "disease control" [] exact_synonym: "disease resistance trait" [] exact_synonym: "disease tolerance" [] narrow_synonym: "disease susceptibility" [] is_a: TO:0000242 ! microbial damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000113 name: giant embryo def: "Large size of embryo" [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000193 ! embryo shape [Term] id: TO:0000114 name: flooding related trait is_a: TO:0000237 ! water stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000115 name: root mass density def: "Determined as the dry mass of roots per unit soil volume at a given soil section." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "RTMD" [] related_synonym: "rmd" [] is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000116 name: root mass density 0-15 def: "Root mass density 0-15 cm was calculated as the dry mass of roots per unit soil volume at 0-15 cm soil section." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "rmd 0-15" [] is_a: TO:0000115 ! root mass density [Term] id: TO:0000117 name: rat damage resistance def: "since there is no genetic resistance to rats\, the damage can be quantified as it does not represent resistance. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1170, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "RD" [] is_a: TO:0000054 ! animal damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000118 name: root mass density 15-30 def: "Root mass density 15-30 cm was calculated as the dry mass of roots per unit soil volume at 15-30 cm soil section." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "rmd 15-30" [] is_a: TO:0000115 ! root mass density [Term] id: TO:0000119 name: root mass density 30-45 def: "Root mass density 30-45 cm was calculated as the dry mass of roots per unit soil volume at 30-45 cm soil section." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "rmd 30-45" [] is_a: TO:0000115 ! root mass density [Term] id: TO:0000120 name: percent root mass density def: "Calculated as percent of root mass density over the total root mass density. Both parameters scored at the same depth." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "PCENTRTMD" [] related_synonym: "prmd" [] is_a: TO:0000115 ! root mass density [Term] id: TO:0000121 name: ufra damage def: "Causal agent\: the stem nematode Dictylenchus angustus. Symptoms\: leaf mottling or chlorotic discoloration in a splash pattern at base of young leaves in stem elongation or mid-tillering stage; brown stains may develop on leaves and sheaths which later intensify to a dark brown color. A characteristic distortion consisting of twisting and withering of young leaves. A distortion of panicle which either remains enclosed with in a swollen sheath\, partially emerge but are twisted and with unfilled grains or emerge completely but with unfilled grains and resembling a whitehead. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1116, IRRI:SES] comment: Evaluated at growth stage\:6-7 in rice related_synonym: "U" [] is_a: TO:0000384 ! nematode damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000122 name: percent root mass density 0-15 def: "Calculated as percent of root mass density in this section over the total root mass density. Both scored at the 0-15cm depth." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "prmd 0-15" [] is_a: TO:0000116 ! root mass density 0-15 is_a: TO:0000120 ! percent root mass density [Term] id: TO:0000123 name: percent root mass density 15-30 def: "Calculated as percent of root mass density in this section over the total root mass density. Both scored at the 15-30cm depth." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "prmd 15-30" [] is_a: TO:0000118 ! root mass density 15-30 is_a: TO:0000120 ! percent root mass density [Term] id: TO:0000124 name: flag leaf angle def: "In grasses the flag leaf angle is measured near the collar as the angle of attachment between the flag leaf blade and the main inflorescence axis in grass plants." [ICIS:1065, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "FLFAG" [] is_a: TO:0000206 ! leaf angle [Term] id: TO:0000125 name: percent root mass density 30-45 def: "Calculated as percent of root mass density in this section over the total root mass density. Both scored at the 30-45cm depth." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "prmd 30-45" [] is_a: TO:0000119 ! root mass density 30-45 is_a: TO:0000120 ! percent root mass density [Term] id: TO:0000126 name: rice grassy stunt virus-2 resistance def: "Causal agent\: rice grassy stunt virus 2 (RGSV2). symptoms\: RGSV2 causes severe stunting\, excessive tillering\, yellow to orange and narrow leaves with small rusty spots" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "RGSV2" [] related_synonym: "RGSV2RS" [] is_a: TO:0000213 ! rice grassy stunt 1 and 2 virus resistance [Term] id: TO:0000127 name: rice grassy stunt virus-1 resistance def: "Causal agent\: rice grassy stunt virus 1 (RGSV1). Symptoms\: RGSV1 causes severe stunting\, excessive tillering\, pale green to yellow and narrow leaves with small rusty spots. " [GR:pj] related_synonym: "RGSV1" [] related_synonym: "RGSV1RS" [] is_a: TO:0000213 ! rice grassy stunt 1 and 2 virus resistance [Term] id: TO:0000128 name: harvest index def: "Proportion of usable (economically significant) biomass over total (biological) biomass\, expressed as a percentage." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "HI" [] related_synonym: "HVID" [] is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait [Term] id: TO:0000129 name: false smut disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Ustilaginoidea virens. Symptoms\: infected grains are transformed into yellow-greenish or greenish-black velvety-looking spore balls. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1106, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "FSRS" [] related_synonym: "FSm" [] is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000130 name: far red light sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the far red light content in the growth environment." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "FRLTSN" [] related_synonym: "Pfr light sensitivity" [] is_a: TO:0000265 ! light quality sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000131 name: leaf water potential def: "Water potential of a leaf." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "LFWP" [] related_synonym: "lwp" [] is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait [Term] id: TO:0000132 name: basal internode diameter def: "Actual measurements in millimeters from the outer diameter of the stem at the basal portion of the main stem." [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "BAINDIA" [] related_synonym: "DBI" [] is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000133 name: stature or vigor trait def: "A subjective assessment of the plant in similar site and growing conditions (often unfavorable conditions) based upon a specific facet of growth." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000387 ! trait ontology [Term] id: TO:0000134 name: alkali digestion def: "Is an indirect measure of gelatinization temperature. Observed by placing six milled-rice kernels in 10ml 1.7% KOH in a shallow container and arrange them so that they do not touch. Let them stand for 23hrs at 30degC temperature and score for spreading. Measure for Alkali digestion is inversely proportional to the gelatinization temperature\, e.g. if alkali digestion is low\, the gelatinization temperature is high." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "ALKDIG" [] related_synonym: "AlkD" [] is_a: TO:0000462 ! gelatinization temperature [Term] id: TO:0000135 name: leaf length def: "Actual measurements\, in centimeters of the leaf." [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "LFLG" [] related_synonym: "LL" [] is_a: TO:0002637 ! leaf size [Term] id: TO:0000136 name: relative water content def: "Leaf relative water content is determined at midday (12.00 noon)\, " [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "RELWCN" [] related_synonym: "leaf relative water content" [] related_synonym: "rec" [] is_a: TO:0000131 ! leaf water potential [Term] id: TO:0000137 name: days to heading def: "Number of days required for the inflorescence (head/cob/panicle) to emerge from the flag leaf of a plant or a group of plants in a study." [GR:pj] comment: Often determined when the 50% length of the inflorescence has emerged as compared to its full length. Number of days is calculated from either the day of sowing of seeds or from the day of transplanting the seedlings (in case of rice) depending on type of study. related_synonym: "DTHD" [] related_synonym: "heading date" [] is_a: TO:0001021 ! days to inflorescence exsertion [Term] id: TO:0000138 name: brown rice protein def: "Total protein content of the brown rice." [ICIS:1260, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "BRWRPROT" [] related_synonym: "BrP" [] related_synonym: "Prt" [] related_synonym: "brown rice protein content" [] is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait [Term] id: TO:0000140 name: apiculus color def: "Color of the apiculus." [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "APICL" [] related_synonym: "ApC" [] is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait relationship: part_of TO:0000536 ! floret color [Term] id: TO:0000141 name: awn color def: "Describes the change in color of the awn." [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "AWNCL" [] is_a: TO:0002718 ! awn anatomy and morphology trait relationship: part_of TO:0000536 ! floret color [Term] id: TO:0000142 name: secondary branching of inflorescence def: "The extent of secondary branching usually determines the shape and compactness of the inflorescence (such as in rice panicle)." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] synonym: "SBR" [] synonym: "panicle secondary branching" [] related_synonym: "PnBr" [] related_synonym: "secondary branching of panicle" [] is_a: TO:0000050 ! inflorescence branching [Term] id: TO:0000143 name: relative biomass def: "Relative yield was calculated as the ratio of biomass in stress to that of control." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "RB" [] related_synonym: "RELBIOM" [] related_synonym: "relative biomass yield" [] is_a: TO:0000327 ! biomass yield [Term] id: TO:0000144 name: milled rice def: "Rice kernels that have been milled to remove the bran\, leaving \"white\" or milled rice." [RiceCAP:http\://www.uark.edu/ua/ricecap/ricecapgloss.htm] related_synonym: "MR" [] related_synonym: "milled rice ratio" [] is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality [Term] id: TO:0000145 name: internode length def: "Measurement of length of the internode." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "INLG" [] relationship: part_of TO:0000576 ! stem length [Term] id: TO:0000146 name: seed length alt_id: TO:0000395 def: "Is the average length of the seed or caryopsis fruit in a cereal (with hull)." [GR:pj, ICIS:1051, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "GRLG" [] related_synonym: "SDLG" [] related_synonym: "grain length" [] is_a: TO:0000391 ! seed size [Term] id: TO:0000147 name: rice hoja blanca disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: rice hoja blanca virus (RHBV). Symptoms\: cream colored to yellow spots\, elongating and coalescing to form longitudinal yellowish green to pale green striations. Streaks may coalesce to cover the whole leaf. Brown and sterile glumes with typical \"parrot beak\" shape of deformation. " [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "HBVRS" [] related_synonym: "RHBV" [] is_a: TO:0000148 ! viral disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000148 name: viral disease resistance def: "An assay to determine the resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to the disease caused by a viral pathogen infection as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] comment: It represents the damage done by the diease and/or the viral pathogen to the plant. The damage is a direct measure of resistance to the particular viral strain causing the diease. is_a: TO:0000112 ! disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000149 name: seed width def: "Determined by the actual measurement of width in millimeters as the distance across the seed (with hull). " [GR:pj, ICIS:1052, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "SDWD" [] related_synonym: "kernel plumpness" [] related_synonym: "kernel width" [] related_synonym: "percentatge of plump kernels" [] related_synonym: "plump grain" [] related_synonym: "plump seed" [] is_a: TO:0000391 ! seed size [Term] id: TO:0000151 name: rice skipper resistance def: "causal agent\: Pelopidas mathias (Fabricius) and Parnara guttata" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "SKIPRS" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000152 name: panicle number def: "Average number of panicles per plant in a study. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1057] synonym: "NOP" [] synonym: "NP" [] synonym: "PN" [] synonym: "TP" [] synonym: "number of effective tiller per plant" [] synonym: "number of panicle" [] synonym: "panicle number per plant" [] synonym: "panicle number per tiller" [] synonym: "seed setting tillers per plant" [] synonym: "spike number" [] related_synonym: "PNNB" [] is_a: TO:0000582 ! inflorescence number [Term] id: TO:0000153 name: relative yield def: "Relative yield is calculated as a ratio of yield in stress to that of control." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "RELYLD" [] related_synonym: "RY" [] is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait [Term] id: TO:0000154 name: thrips resistance def: "Causal agent\: Stenchaetothrips biformis. monitored at growth stage 2-3" [GR:pj, ICIS:1166, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "THRIPSRS" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000155 name: drought susceptibility index def: "The index is calculated as\, DSI = (1-Yds/Yns)\, where Yds and Yns are mean yields of a given genotype in drought susceptible (DS) and non-susceptible (NS) environments respectively." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "DRSID" [] related_synonym: "DRSSID" [] related_synonym: "DSI" [] related_synonym: "drought score" [] related_synonym: "drought sensitivity index" [] is_a: TO:0000188 ! drought sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000156 name: penetrated root dry weight def: "At 50 days after sowing (DAS)\, the dry weight of roots penetrated through the wax-petrolatum layer is measured. " [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "PENRTDWT" [] related_synonym: "PRDW" [] is_a: TO:0000078 ! root dry weight [Term] id: TO:0000157 name: canopy temperature def: "Assay determines temperature of the leaf canopy." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "CANTMP" [] is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000158 name: red light sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the red light content in the growth environment." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "Pr light sensitivity" [] related_synonym: "RLTSN" [] is_a: TO:0000265 ! light quality sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000159 name: blue light sensitivity def: "Sensitivity response observed in an environment illuminated with blue light." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "BLTSN" [] is_a: TO:0000265 ! light quality sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000160 name: UV light sensitivity def: "Response shown by the plant in the presence of UV light stress." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "UV resistance" [] related_synonym: "UVRS" [] related_synonym: "Ultraviolet light sensitivity" [] related_synonym: "Ultraviolet resistance" [] is_a: TO:0000265 ! light quality sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000161 name: radiation response trait def: "Response shown by the plant in terms of sensitivity to one or more types of radiation stress (quality and quantity of light)." [GR:pj] synonym: "radiation sensitivity" [] related_synonym: "RADSN" [] related_synonym: "response to radiation" [] is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000162 name: seed quality alt_id: TO:0000588 def: "The quality assessment of the seed commonly called as kernel or grain in case of cereals\, as well as those of the dehulled grains. Often associated with the commercial value either directly or indirectly." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "grain quality" [] is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait [Term] id: TO:0000163 name: auxin sensitivity def: "Response with respect to application of auxin." [GR:pj] comment: The most important auxin produced by plants is indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) synonym: "indole-3-acetic acid response" [] related_synonym: "AUXSN" [] related_synonym: "IAA response" [] related_synonym: "IAA sensitivity" [] related_synonym: "indole-3-acetic acid sensitivity" [] is_a: TO:0000401 ! plant growth hormone sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000164 name: stress trait def: "Response by the plant in terms of resistivity or sensitivity to either the biotic or the abiotic types of stress." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "crop damage" [] related_synonym: "stress resistance" [] related_synonym: "stress susceptibility" [] related_synonym: "stress tolerance" [] is_a: TO:0000387 ! trait ontology [Term] id: TO:0000165 name: panicle exsertion def: "Trait monitored by observing the extent of coverage of panicle by the flag leaf sheath." [GR:pj, ICIS:1004, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "Exs" [] related_synonym: "PNEX" [] is_a: TO:0001002 ! inflorescence exsertion [Term] id: TO:0000166 name: gibberellic acid sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the gibberellic acid content in the growth medium or on external application." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "GA3 response" [] related_synonym: "GASN" [] related_synonym: "GB response" [] related_synonym: "Gibberellin response" [] related_synonym: "gibberellic acid response" [] is_a: TO:0000401 ! plant growth hormone sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000167 name: cytokinin sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the cytokinin content in the growth medium or external application." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "CKSN" [] is_a: TO:0000401 ! plant growth hormone sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000168 name: abiotic stress trait def: "Response by the plant in terms of resistivity or sensitivity to abiotic stress." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "abiotic stress tolerance" [] is_a: TO:0000164 ! stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000169 name: chinsurah boro CMS def: "Abortion of microspore development at trinucleate stage" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "BOROCMS" [] related_synonym: "CMS-boro" [] is_a: TO:0000026 ! aborted tri-nucleate stage is_a: TO:0000232 ! cytoplasmic male sterility (sensu Oryza) [Term] id: TO:0000170 name: elongation ability def: "Some plants can elongate and grow in areas annually flooded to varying depths. The scale is based on the performance of check varieties. Specify water depth under which the data was recorded." [ICIS:1209, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "Elon" [] is_a: TO:0000114 ! flooding related trait [Term] id: TO:0000171 name: height related trait def: "Height related traits" [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000133 ! stature or vigor trait [Term] id: TO:0000172 name: jasmonic acid sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the jasmonic acid content in the growth medium or on external application." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "JASN" [] is_a: TO:0000401 ! plant growth hormone sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000173 name: ethylene sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to ethylene (C2H2) content in the growth medium or the environment." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "ETHSN" [] related_synonym: "ethylene response" [] is_a: TO:0000401 ! plant growth hormone sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000174 name: maturity trait is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000175 name: bacterial blight disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. symptoms\: lesions usually start near the leaf tips or leaf margins or both\, and extend down the outer edge(s). young lesions are pale to grayish green\, later turning yellow to grey (dead) with time. In very susceptible varieties\, lesions may extend to the entire leaf length into the leaf sheath. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1101, IRRI:SES] comment: Young leaves should not be inoculated for assay. Old or leaves with symptoms of nutrient deficiency or other diseases should also be avoided for inoculation related_synonym: "BB" [] related_synonym: "BBRS" [] related_synonym: "leaf blight" [] is_a: TO:0000315 ! bacterial disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000176 name: macronutrient sensitivity def: "Sensitivity response shown by the plant grown in either the excess or deficient amount of the macronutrient in the growth medium" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "macronutrient deficiency" [] is_a: TO:0000480 ! nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000177 name: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid sensitivity def: "An assay to determine the tolerance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide 2\,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2\,4 D)." [GR:pj] comment: It is expected that the herbicide application must not affect the agronomic yield\, if any. synonym: "2\,4 D sensitivity" [] related_synonym: "24DSN" [] xref_analog: EO:EO\:0007180 is_a: TO:0000058 ! herbicide sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000178 name: acid soil sensitivity def: "When the soil pH is on acidic side" [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000479 ! acid sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000179 name: biotic stress trait def: "Response by the plant in terms of resistivity or sensitivity to biotic stress." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000164 ! stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000180 name: spikelet fertility def: "Determined by percent of spikelets with grains identified by pressing the spikelets with the fingers and counting those that have no grains or the percent seed setting. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1001, ICIS:1059, ICIS:1062, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "SPKFRT" [] related_synonym: "SpFert" [] related_synonym: "percent sterility" [] related_synonym: "seed setting" [] is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000181 name: seed weight def: "Average weight of seeds obtained from a plant\, representing the overall yields or produce from the field." [GR:pj, ICIS:1058] is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait [Term] id: TO:0000182 name: insecticide sensitivity related_synonym: "insecticide tolerance" [] is_a: TO:0002649 ! pesticide sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000183 name: other miscellaneous trait def: "The trait instances\, which either cannot be assigned any of the eight top level parent terms such as biochemical\, anatomy\, development quality\, stature/vigor\, sterility/fertility\, stress and the yield or are yet to be assigned a parent." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000387 ! trait ontology [Term] id: TO:0000184 name: seed anatomy and morphology trait def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the seed and its parts." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000017 ! anatomy and morphology related trait [Term] id: TO:0000185 name: stigma color def: "Color of the stigma in a blossoming flower." [IRRI:SES, GR:pj] related_synonym: "STICL" [] related_synonym: "SgC" [] is_a: TO:0006012 ! carpel anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000186 name: environmental stress related trait is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000187 name: anther color def: "Variation in color of the anther." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "ANTCL" [] is_a: TO:0000215 ! stamen anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000188 name: drought sensitivity def: "Drought sensitivity is highly interactive with crop phenology\, plant growth prior to stress\, and timing\, duration\, and intensity of drought stress. For many soils\, it takes at least 2 rainless weeks to cause marked differences in drought sensitivity during the vegetative stage and at least 7 rainless days during the reproductive stage to cause severe drought injury. Leaf rolling precedes leaf drying during drought. Repeated ratings are recommended through progress of the drought. " [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "DRS" [] related_synonym: "DRSN" [] related_synonym: "drought susceptibility" [] is_a: TO:0000394 ! drought related trait [Term] id: TO:0000189 name: embryoless def: "Absence of embryo in the developing seed" [GR:pj] synonym: "germless" [] is_a: TO:0000064 ! embryo related trait is_a: TO:0000620 ! embryo development trait [Term] id: TO:0000190 name: seed coat color def: "The color of the seed coat" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "SCC" [] related_synonym: "SDCCL" [] related_synonym: "bran color" [] is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality is_a: TO:0000184 ! seed anatomy and morphology trait relationship: part_of TO:0000486 ! seed color [Term] id: TO:0000191 name: rice hispa resistance def: "causal agent\: Dicladispa armigera" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "HISPRS" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000192 name: leaf-roller resistance def: "Causal agent\: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "LFRRS" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000193 name: embryo shape is_a: TO:0000064 ! embryo related trait [Term] id: TO:0000194 name: globular embryo is_a: TO:0000193 ! embryo shape [Term] id: TO:0000195 name: shootless def: "The embryo of the germinating seed does not produce shoot." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "SHMIN" [] is_a: TO:0000064 ! embryo related trait is_a: TO:0000077 ! shoot anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0000620 ! embryo development trait [Term] id: TO:0000196 name: amylose content def: "Amount of amylose present in the plant or plant part. " [ICIS:1251, IRRI:SES, ISBN:198506732] comment: It is a water-dispersible component of starch and is a polymer of alpha(1\,4)-linked glucose units. related_synonym: "AMYCN" [] related_synonym: "Amy" [] is_a: TO:0000489 ! carbohydrate composition related trait is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality is_a: TO:0006007 ! polysaccharide content [Term] id: TO:0000197 name: ligule color def: "Color of the ligule." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "LIGCL" [] related_synonym: "LgC" [] is_a: TO:0002748 ! ligule anatomy and morphology trait relationship: part_of TO:0000326 ! leaf color [Term] id: TO:0000198 name: rootless def: "Absence of roots in the seedling or plant" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "RTMIN" [] is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0000656 ! root development trait [Term] id: TO:0000199 name: genic male sterility related_synonym: "GMS" [] is_a: TO:0000106 ! male sterility type [Term] id: TO:0000200 name: brittle culm def: "A measure of brittleness of the stem of a grass plant." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000051 ! stem strength [Term] id: TO:0000201 name: panicle color def: "Variation in color of the panicle inflorescence." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "PNCL" [] is_a: TO:0000581 ! inflorescence color [Term] id: TO:0000202 name: germination ratio def: "Ratio of germinated to non-germinated seeds." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "GERMRO" [] is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait is_a: TO:0000345 ! seed viability [Term] id: TO:0000203 name: bacterial leaf streak disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola. Symptoms\: linear lesions with small bacterial exudates evident. This scale may also be used for leaf smut caused by Entyloma oryzae. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1102, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "BLS" [] related_synonym: "BLSRS" [] is_a: TO:0000315 ! bacterial disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000204 name: seedling blight disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. symptoms\: lesions usually start near the leaf tips or leaf margins or both\, and extend down the outer edge(s). young lesions are pale to grayish green\, later turning yellow to grey (dead) with time. In very susceptible varieties\, lesions may extend to the entire leaf length into the leaf sheath. Kresek or seedling blight causes wilting and death of plant. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1117, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "SDLBTRS" [] related_synonym: "kresek" [] related_synonym: "leaf blight" [] is_a: TO:0000175 ! bacterial blight disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000205 name: white-backed planthopper resistance def: "Causal agent\: Sagotella furcifera. Symptoms\: partial to pronounced yellowing and increasing severity of stunting. Extreme signs are wilting and death of plants. Infested areas in the field may be patchy. (similar to the symptoms of whitebacked planthopper). " [GR:pj, ICIS:1167, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "WBPH" [] related_synonym: "WBPHRS" [] is_a: TO:0000348 ! sogatodes resistance [Term] id: TO:0000206 name: leaf angle def: "The angle of openness of the blade tip is measured against the stem. " [IRRI:SES] comment: In rice it is measured against the culm on the leaf below the flag leaf. related_synonym: "LBP" [] related_synonym: "LFAG" [] is_a: TO:0000492 ! leaf shape [Term] id: TO:0000207 name: plant height def: "Actual measurement of plant height from soil surface to the highest point in plant as identified in the study." [ICIS:1006, IRRI:SES] synonym: "shoot height" [] related_synonym: "Ht" [] related_synonym: "PTHT" [] is_a: TO:0000077 ! shoot anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0000171 ! height related trait [Term] id: TO:0000208 name: lemma number def: "Number of lemma in the grass flower (floret)." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0002613 ! reproductive homeotic development trait is_a: TO:0006026 ! floral bract number is_a: TO:0006038 ! floral organ number [Term] id: TO:0000209 name: palea number def: "Number of palea in the grass flower (floret)." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "PALNB" [] is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0002613 ! reproductive homeotic development trait is_a: TO:0006026 ! floral bract number is_a: TO:0006038 ! floral organ number [Term] id: TO:0000210 name: anther number def: "Variation in the number of anthers in androecium." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "ANTNB" [] is_a: TO:0000215 ! stamen anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0006038 ! floral organ number [Term] id: TO:0000211 name: gel consistency def: "Scored by gel consistency type in mm. " [ICIS:1255, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "GELCON" [] related_synonym: "GelC" [] is_a: TO:0000489 ! carbohydrate composition related trait is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality [Term] id: TO:0000212 name: green leafhopper resistance def: "Causal agent\: Nephotettix spp.(Nephotettix virescens and Nephotettix cincticeps). It is the major vector for transmitting the tungro virus disease. Symptoms\: Partial to pronounced yellowing and increasing severity of stunting. Extreme signs are wilting to death of plants. Infected areas in the field may be patchy. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1156, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "GLFHRS" [] related_synonym: "GLH" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000213 name: rice grassy stunt 1 and 2 virus resistance def: "Causal agent\: rice grassy stunt virus 1 (RGSV1) and rice grassy stunt virus 2 (RGSV2). symptoms\: RGSV1 causes severe stunting\, excessive tillering\, pale green to yellow and narrow leaves with small rusty spots. RGSV2 causes severe stunting\, excessive tillering\, yellow to orange and narrow leaves with small rusty spots" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "RGSVRS" [] is_a: TO:0000148 ! viral disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000214 name: anther shape def: "Variation in the shape of anthers compared to the normal or reference type." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "ANTSHP" [] is_a: TO:0000215 ! stamen anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000215 name: stamen anatomy and morphology trait def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the stamen and its parts." [GR:pj] synonym: "stamen related trait" [] is_a: TO:0000499 ! flower anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000216 name: grassy stunt virus disease is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000217 name: genic male sterility-thermo-photoperiod sensitive def: "Male sterility affected by both temperature and photoperiod" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "TPGMS" [] related_synonym: "thermo-photoperiod sensitive genic male sterility" [] is_a: TO:0000199 ! genic male sterility [Term] id: TO:0000218 name: pollen abortion type def: "Observations are made on staining behavior and number of nuclei in most of the pollens" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "abortion pattern" [] related_synonym: "abortion pattern of male sterile lines" [] is_a: TO:0000437 ! male sterility [Term] id: TO:0000219 name: stem morphology related_synonym: "culm morphology" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000220 name: rice bug resistance def: "Causal agent\: Leptocorisa oratorius. monitored at growth stage 7-9\, resistance is a measure of damaged grains per panicle" [GR:pj, ICIS:1159, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "BUGRS" [] related_synonym: "RB" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000221 name: glume color def: "Color of the glume." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "GLCL" [] related_synonym: "glume discoloration" [] related_synonym: "glume pigmentation" [] related_synonym: "pigmentation of glume" [] is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000222 name: head rice def: "The 3/4 or longer whole milled kernels separated from the total milled rice." [RiceCAP:http\://www.uark.edu/ua/ricecap/ricecapgloss.htm] related_synonym: "HEADR" [] related_synonym: "head milled rice" [] related_synonym: "head rice ratio" [] is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality [Term] id: TO:0000223 name: pistil anatomy and morphology trait def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the pistil and its parts." [GR:pj] synonym: "pistil related trait " [] is_a: TO:0000499 ! flower anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000224 name: iron sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the iron ion content in the growth medium. It is important for synthesis of chlorophyll and some enzyme activities. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1211, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "FESN" [] related_synonym: "FeTox" [] related_synonym: "iron toxicity" [] is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000225 name: stamen number def: "Number of stamens present in the flower." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "STANB" [] is_a: TO:0000215 ! stamen anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0002613 ! reproductive homeotic development trait is_a: TO:0006022 ! floral organ development trait is_a: TO:0006038 ! floral organ number [Term] id: TO:0000226 name: auricleless def: "A measure of either the absence of auricle or the length of auricle neing zero." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "AUMIN" [] exact_synonym: "auricle absence" [] exact_synonym: "auricle absent" [] is_a: TO:0000655 ! leaf development trait is_a: TO:0002717 ! auricle morphology and anatomy trait [Term] id: TO:0000227 name: root length def: "Average maximum length of the root of a plant in a study." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "MRD" [] related_synonym: "MRL" [] related_synonym: "RTLG" [] related_synonym: "maximum root depth" [] related_synonym: "maximum root length" [] is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000228 name: moisture content related trait is_a: TO:0000488 ! seed composition based quality trait [Term] id: TO:0000229 name: photoperiod sensitivity def: "Sensitivity response on the plant development and the related growth stages by the duration of light\, to which the plant has been exposed." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "PPDSN" [] is_a: TO:0000075 ! light sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000230 name: crown rootless def: "Absence of crown roots in the plant" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "CWRTMIN" [] is_a: TO:0000198 ! rootless is_a: TO:0002685 ! crown root number [Term] id: TO:0000231 name: endospermless def: "Absence of endosperm in the seed or grain." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "ENDMIN" [] is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality [Term] id: TO:0000232 name: cytoplasmic male sterility (sensu Oryza) def: "Caused by the interaction of cytoplasmic (mitochondrial) and nuclear genomes. The trait shows non-mendelian inheritance or maternal inheritance" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "CMS" [] is_a: TO:0000580 ! cytoplasmic male sterility [Term] id: TO:0000233 name: root volume def: "Is an indirect measure of root mass or density. Quantified in terms of cubic centimeters by water displacement method." [GR:pj, GR_REF:6917] related_synonym: "RTVOL" [] is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000234 name: radicleless def: "The embryo of the germinating seed does not produce roots." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000198 ! rootless [Term] id: TO:0000235 name: liguleless def: "Absence of ligule." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "LIGMIN" [] is_a: TO:0002748 ! ligule anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000236 name: crop damage resistance exact_synonym: "crop damage resistance trait" [] is_a: TO:0000179 ! biotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000237 name: water stress trait def: "Response by the plant in terms of sensitivity to water stress (quality and quantity of water)." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000238 name: growth media composition sensitivity related_synonym: "edaphic" [] is_a: TO:0000482 ! chemical stress sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000239 name: plant genetic trait unknown is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000240 name: sterile lemma length def: "Length of the sterile lemma. The measurement is made on each of the two sterile lemmas." [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "SLmL" [] related_synonym: "STLEMLG" [] is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000241 name: leaf number def: "Number of leaves in a plant at a particular growth stage" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "LFNB" [] is_a: TO:0000419 ! leaf anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000242 name: microbial damage resistance def: "Response by the plant in terms of resistivity or sensitivity to microbes." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000236 ! crop damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000243 name: invitro regeneration ability def: "Measured as number of calli capable of differentiating into roots and(or) shoots under invitro tissue culture condition." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "INVRAB" [] is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait [Term] id: TO:0000244 name: coleoptile color def: "Measure of color of the coleoptile in the germinating seedling" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "COLCL" [] is_a: TO:0000064 ! embryo related trait is_a: TO:0000077 ! shoot anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000245 name: pollen free def: "no pollen development\, " [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] comment: An example is rice TGMS line Norin PL12 is_a: TO:0000218 ! pollen abortion type [Term] id: TO:0000246 name: rice delphacid resistance def: "Causal agent\: Sogatodes oryzicola (Tagosodes orizicolus). Symptoms\: partial to pronounced yellowing and increasing severity of stunting. Extreme signs are wilting and death of plants. Infested areas in the field may be patchy. (similar to the symptoms of whitebacked planthopper). " [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] comment: The evaluation scales are based on symptoms. Incidence of dead plants could be considered for final evaluation related_synonym: "DELRS" [] related_synonym: "RDel" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000247 name: other nutrient sensitivity is_a: TO:0000480 ! nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000248 name: primary macronutrient sensitivity is_a: TO:0000176 ! macronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000249 name: leaf senescence def: "A measure of aging of leaf. Rapid senescence of leaves can be detrimental to yield." [ICIS:1015, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "Foilar senescence" [] related_synonym: "LFSNS" [] related_synonym: "Sen" [] is_a: TO:0000655 ! leaf development trait [Term] id: TO:0000250 name: vigor related trait is_a: TO:0000133 ! stature or vigor trait [Term] id: TO:0000251 name: secondary macronutrient sensitivity is_a: TO:0000176 ! macronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000252 name: non-mineral nutrient sensitivity def: "Sensitivity response shown by the plant grown in either the excess or deficient amount of the non-mineral nutrients in the growth medium. These nutrients are found in the air and water." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000480 ! nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000253 name: seed dormancy related_synonym: "SDDOR" [] is_a: TO:0000166 ! gibberellic acid sensitivity is_a: TO:0000345 ! seed viability is_a: TO:0000615 ! abscisic acid sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000254 name: growth media pH sensitivity def: "Defines the pH of the growth media (soil/culture media)\, whether it is acidic or alkaline." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "soil pH stress" [] is_a: TO:0000238 ! growth media composition sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000255 name: sheath blight disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Rhizoctonia solani. Symptom\: Grayish-green lesions may enlarge and coalesce with other lesions\, mostly on lower leaf sheaths\, but occasionally on the leaves." [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "SHBTRS" [] related_synonym: "ShB" [] is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000256 name: genetic trait def: "A genetic trait is a distinguishable feature or a characteristic or a quality of character or a phenotypic feature of a developing or developed individual that is linked to a physical or genetic marker" [GR:pj] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000257 name: root branching def: "The extent of the root branching as determined under variable treatments and environments." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "RTBR" [] related_synonym: "rbr" [] is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000258 name: leaf thickness is_a: TO:0002637 ! leaf size [Term] id: TO:0000259 name: heat tolerance def: "tolerance to warm temperatures if plant is exposed to above than permissive temperature limits. Observe differences in vigor along with subtle changes in leaf color. The optimum time to make observations would be the seedling\, tillering (sensu Poaceae)\, flowering and mature stages. Mainly scored in terms of spikelet fertility in grasses." [GR:pj, ICIS:1210, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "HTol" [] is_a: TO:0000432 ! temperature response trait [Term] id: TO:0000260 name: bird damage resistance def: "Since there is no genetic resistance to birds\, the damage can be quantified as it does represent resistance. Factors as flag leaf angle or panicle exsertion are important. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1169, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "BD" [] is_a: TO:0000054 ! animal damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000261 name: insect damage resistance def: "An assay to determine the resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to insect infestation as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] comment: It represents the damage done by the insects to the plant. The damage is a direct measure of resistance to the particular insect variety. The test evaluation is valid if insect population is uniformly distributed at a high level across the screening box or the field. narrow_synonym: "insect resistance" [] is_a: TO:0000054 ! animal damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000262 name: panicle shape def: "Shape of the panicle inflorescence" [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000268 ! inflorescence shape [Term] id: TO:0000264 name: lemma and palea color def: "Color of the lemma and the palea." [IRRI:SES, GR:pj] synonym: "LEMCL" [] synonym: "LEMPALCL" [] synonym: "Lemma color" [] synonym: "PALCL" [] synonym: "palea color" [] related_synonym: "LmPC" [] is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait relationship: part_of TO:0000536 ! floret color [Term] id: TO:0000265 name: light quality sensitivity def: "Response shown by the plant in the presence of a light quality stress." [GR:pj] comment: Light quality is defined by the wavelength of the light type. related_synonym: "response to light quality" [] is_a: TO:0000075 ! light sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000266 name: chalky endosperm def: "Defines a representative milled sample for the degree (extent) of chalkiness that will best describe the sample with respect to (a) white belly\, (b) white center\, (c) white back." [GR:pj, ICIS:1253, IRRI:SES] synonym: "CHALK" [] related_synonym: "Clk" [] related_synonym: "chalkiness of endosperm" [] is_a: TO:0000489 ! carbohydrate composition related trait is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality [Term] id: TO:0000267 name: inflorescence type alt_id: TO:0000500 def: "Variation in the type of inflorescence\, wither due to extent and number of branching\, branch angles or modified form of the inflorescence." [GR:pj] synonym: "inflorescence type" [] exact_synonym: "INFLOTYPE" [] is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000268 name: inflorescence shape def: "Shape of the inflorescence" [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000269 name: 100-seed weight alt_id: TO:0000518 def: "Measurements in grams of 100 well-developed whole grains (seeds with the hull)\, dried to 13% moisture content\, weight on a precision balance. " [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "100-grain weight" [] related_synonym: "HGRWT" [] related_synonym: "HSDWT" [] related_synonym: "hundred grain weight" [] related_synonym: "hundred seed weight" [] is_a: TO:0000589 ! seed weight (sensu Poaceae) [Term] id: TO:0000270 name: inflorescence axis angle def: "Angle of the inflorescence axis." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000271 name: inflorescence length is_a: TO:0006031 ! inflorescence size [Term] id: TO:0000272 name: plant survivability is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000273 name: armyworm resistance def: "Causal agent\: Pseudaletia unipuncta\, Spodoptera mauritia and Spodoptera praefica. The swarming caterpillars cause severe damage to rice plants in nursery beds. " [GR:pj, web:http //pne.gsnu.ac.kr/riceipm/spodopte.htm, web:http //www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r682300411.html] comment: The worms appear suddenly in masses and move like an army from field to field so that seedbeds or the direct seeded fields look as if grazed by cattles. Generally\, a transplanted crop is not severely affected. Damage by armyworms is most serious during periods of stem elongation and grain formation. Larvae defoliate plants\, typically by chewing angular pieces off leaves. They may also feed on the panicle near the developing kernels causing these kernels to dry before filling. This feeding causes all or parts of the panicle to turn white. If the entire panicle is white\, the damage may also be due to stem rot or feeding by rats. The seriousness of armyworm injury depends on the maturity of the plant and the amount of tissue consumed. Significant yield reduction can occur if defoliation is greater than 25% at 2 to 3 weeks before heading. They migrate from field to field and extensive losses are often caused within a week. Their migration is facilitated by the absence of standing water in the field. related_synonym: "AWRRS" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000274 name: floret anatomy and morphology trait def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the grass floret and its parts." [GR:pj] synonym: "floret related trait" [] is_a: TO:0000499 ! flower anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000275 name: perianth anatomy and morphology trait def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the perianth and its parts." [GR:pj] synonym: "perianth related trait" [] is_a: TO:0000499 ! flower anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000276 name: drought tolerance def: "Becoming tolerant to drought like conditions of minimal or no water content in the growth environment." [GR:pj] comment: Often the plants exhibiting high salt tolerance also exhibit drought tolerance. related_synonym: "DRTL" [] exact_synonym: "drought resistance" [] is_a: TO:0000394 ! drought related trait [Term] id: TO:0000277 name: biochemical trait def: "The traits associated with assay of either of the effected metabolite profile\, enzymatic activity and biological processes which includes the physiological processes." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000387 ! trait ontology [Term] id: TO:0000278 name: root to shoot ratio def: "The ratio determined from the parameters evaluated for root length and the shoot length in a study." [GR:pj] exact_synonym: "RTSHRO" [] exact_synonym: "r/s" [] exact_synonym: "root length to shoot length ratio" [] exact_synonym: "root/shoot ratio" [] is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000279 name: root weight def: "The average dry or fresh weight of the root determined in a study." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "RTWT" [] related_synonym: "TRW" [] related_synonym: "total root weight" [] is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000280 name: seedling vigor def: "Represents the seedling growth of the plant. " [ICIS:1007, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "SDLVIG" [] related_synonym: "Sd" [] is_a: TO:0000296 ! vegetative vigor [Term] id: TO:0000281 name: metabolite content related trait def: "The trait associated with an assay to determine the effected metabolite's profile." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000277 ! biochemical trait [Term] id: TO:0000282 name: enzymatic activity and protein content related trait def: "The trait associated with an assay to determine the effected enzymatic activity." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000277 ! biochemical trait [Term] id: TO:0000283 name: biological process related trait def: "The trait associated with assay to determine the affected biological process." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000277 ! biochemical trait [Term] id: TO:0000284 name: ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase activity def: "Catalysis of the reaction\: ATP + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate = diphosphate + ADP-glucose." [EC:2.7.7.27, GO:0008878] related_synonym: "ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase" [] related_synonym: "ADP-glucose synthase" [] related_synonym: "ADP-glucose synthetase" [] related_synonym: "ADPG pyrophosphorylase" [] related_synonym: "AGPACT" [] related_synonym: "adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase" [] related_synonym: "adenosine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase" [] related_synonym: "glucose 1-phosphate adenylyltransferase" [] related_synonym: "glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase activity" [] is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity [Term] id: TO:0000285 name: nodal tillering is_a: TO:0000329 ! tillering ability [Term] id: TO:0000286 name: submergence sensitivity def: "Measure of sensitivity of a plant if placed under submergence condition. " [ICIS:1215, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "SUBSN" [] related_synonym: "Sub" [] related_synonym: "submergence tolerance" [] is_a: TO:0000114 ! flooding related trait [Term] id: TO:0000287 name: brown rice shape def: "Shape of the brown rice. Measure after harvesting\, cleaning\, and dehulling." [ICIS:1258, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "BRWSHP" [] related_synonym: "BrS" [] is_a: TO:0002730 ! grain shape [Term] id: TO:0000288 name: alpha-amylase activity def: "Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of 1\,4-a-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more 1\,4-a-linked D-glucose units." [EC:3.2.1.1, GO:0004556] related_synonym: "ALPHAAMYASEACT" [] related_synonym: "Amy" [] related_synonym: "alpha amylase" [] related_synonym: "endoamylase" [] related_synonym: "glycogenase" [] related_synonym: "taka-amylase A" [] is_a: TO:0000703 ! amylase activity relationship: part_of TO:0000336 ! total amylase activity [Term] id: TO:0000289 name: carotene content def: "The carotene content in a plant or plant part. " [ISBN:198506732] comment: These are any group of naturally occurring tetraterpenes (carotenoids) that are synthesized only in plants and differ from xanthophyll by not having oxygen in their molecule. is_a: TO:0000496 ! carotenoid content [Term] id: TO:0000290 name: flavonoid content def: "The flavonoid content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj] comment: Flavonoids are water soluble polyphenolic molecules containing 15 carbon atoms. Flavonoids belong to the polyphenol family and have antioxidant activity. is_a: TO:0000674 ! phytochemical compound content [Term] id: TO:0000291 name: carbohydrate content def: "Trait asssociated with the carbohydrate content\, concentration and/or yeild from the plant or plant part. " [GR:pj] related_synonym: "CARBCN" [] is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait [Term] id: TO:0000292 name: yellow dwarf disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Mycoplasma. Symptoms\: pale yellow\, droopy leaves\, excessive tillering and stunting. " [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "YD" [] related_synonym: "YDRS" [] is_a: TO:0000013 ! resistance to disease by mycoplasma-like organism [Term] id: TO:0000293 name: chlorophyll-a content def: "Measures the chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) content in a green tissue. It is a type of chlorophyll present as green pigment in plants. " [GR:pj] related_synonym: "chl-a" [] is_a: TO:0000495 ! chlorophyll content [Term] id: TO:0000294 name: auricle color def: "The changes in the color of auricle" [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "AC" [] related_synonym: "AUCL" [] is_a: TO:0002717 ! auricle morphology and anatomy trait relationship: part_of TO:0000326 ! leaf color [Term] id: TO:0000295 name: chlorophyll-b content def: "Measures the chlorophyll-b (Chl-b) content in a green tissue. It is a type of chlorophyll present as green pigment in plants. " [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000495 ! chlorophyll content [Term] id: TO:0000296 name: vegetative vigor def: "Represents the growth of plant. Used to evaluate genetic material under stress and non-stress conditions\, several factors may interact\, influencing the seedling vigor (e.g. tillering ability\, plant height\, etc)\," [GR:pj] related_synonym: "VGVIG" [] related_synonym: "Vg" [] related_synonym: "vegetative growth vigor" [] is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait [Term] id: TO:0000297 name: glucosamine content def: "Amount of glucosamine present in the plant or plant part. " [GR:pj, ISBN:198506732] comment: It is one of the most abundant natural polysaccharide. related_synonym: "2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranose content" [] related_synonym: "GLUCNCN" [] is_a: TO:0006003 ! oligosaccharide content is_a: TO:0006008 ! carbohydrate derivative content [Term] id: TO:0000298 name: chlorophyll ratio def: "Measures the a-a to chlorophyll-b content ratio in a green tissue. Chlorophyll is the green pigment found in plants." [ISBN:198506732] comment: The average ratio of chl-a to chl-b is about 3\:1. related_synonym: "CHLRO" [] related_synonym: "chl-a to chl-b ratio" [] related_synonym: "chlorophyll content ratio" [] is_a: TO:0000495 ! chlorophyll content [Term] id: TO:0000299 name: leaf lamina color def: "Color of the leaf lamina/blade. " [ICIS:1054, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "LBC" [] related_synonym: "LFLCL" [] related_synonym: "leaf blade color" [] related_synonym: "leaf color" [] relationship: part_of TO:0000326 ! leaf color [Term] id: TO:0000300 name: glucose content def: "Amount of glucose present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj] comment: It is a common monosaccharide that is a component of oligo/disaccharides (sucrose\, lactose\, and maltose) and various complex carbohydrates related_synonym: "D-glucose content" [] related_synonym: "GLUCCN" [] related_synonym: "dextrose content" [] is_a: TO:0000307 ! hexose content [Term] id: TO:0000301 name: xanthophyll content def: "The xanthophyll content in a plant or plant part. " [ISBN:198506732] comment: These are any group of naturally occurring tetraterpenes (carotenoids) that are synthesized only in plants and contain oxygen in various forms. related_synonym: "XANCN" [] is_a: TO:0000496 ! carotenoid content [Term] id: TO:0000302 name: smut disease is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000303 name: cold tolerance def: "Tolerance to cold temperatures if plant is exposed to below permissive temperature limits. Observe differences in vigor along with subtle changes in leaf color. The optimum time to make observations would be the seedling\, tillering (sensu Poaceae)\, flowering and mature stages." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "COLDTL" [] related_synonym: "CTol" [] is_a: TO:0000432 ! temperature response trait [Term] id: TO:0000304 name: seed thickness def: "Thickness of the seed or fruit caryopsis with the hull." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "SDTH" [] is_a: TO:0000391 ! seed size [Term] id: TO:0000305 name: glutamine synthetase content def: "Catalysis of the reaction\: ATP + L-glutamate + ammonia = ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine." [EC:6.3.1.2, GO:0004356] related_synonym: "GS1" [] related_synonym: "GS1CN" [] related_synonym: "L-glutamine synthetase" [] related_synonym: "glutamate-ammonia ligase" [] related_synonym: "glutamylhydroxamic synthetase" [] is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content [Term] id: TO:0000306 name: root thickness def: "The average thickness of roots." [GR:jcl, GR:pj] related_synonym: "RTTH" [] is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000307 name: hexose content def: "Amount of hexose present in the plant or plant part. " [ISBN:198506732] comment: Hexose is any aldose having a chain of six carbon atoms in a molecule. related_synonym: "HEXCN" [] is_a: TO:0006006 ! monosaccharide content [Term] id: TO:0000308 name: male fertility restoration trait def: "Describes the extent of fertile pollen percentage. Also refers to male sterility-measure (extent of sterility)" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "MALERF" [] related_synonym: "male fertility restoration in F1 hybrids" [] is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait is_a: TO:0000497 ! fertility restoration trait [Term] id: TO:0000310 name: self-incompatibility def: "Self-incompatibility allows plants to recognize and reject pollen from the same plant\, thereby reducing inbreeding." [PubMed:PMID 10066554] comment: In most cases self-incompatibility is controlled by a single genetic locus\, recent results show that complex signal transduction pathways and many players are involved in pollen recognition and rejection related_synonym: "Genetic self-incompatibility" [] is_a: TO:0000035 ! incompatibility trait [Term] id: TO:0000311 name: invertase activity def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing beta-D-fructofuranoside residues in beta-D-fructofuranosides." [EC:3.2.1.26, GO:0004564] related_synonym: "INVACT" [] related_synonym: "acid invertase" [] related_synonym: "alkaline invertase" [] related_synonym: "beta-D-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase" [] related_synonym: "beta-fructofuranosidase activity" [] related_synonym: "beta-fructosidase" [] related_synonym: "beta-h-fructosidase" [] related_synonym: "fructosylinvertase" [] related_synonym: "glucosucrase" [] related_synonym: "invertin" [] related_synonym: "maxinvert L 1000" [] related_synonym: "saccharase" [] related_synonym: "sucrase" [] is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity [Term] id: TO:0000312 name: NADH glutamate synthase content def: "Catalysis of the reaction\: 2 L-glutamate + NAD+ = L-glutamine + 2-oxoglutarate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.4.1.14, GO:0016040] related_synonym: "L-glutamate synthase (NADH)" [] related_synonym: "L-glutamate synthetase" [] related_synonym: "NADH-dependent glutamate synthase" [] related_synonym: "NADH-glutamate synthase" [] related_synonym: "NADHGOGATCN" [] related_synonym: "glutamate (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) synthase" [] related_synonym: "glutamate synthase (NADH) activity" [] related_synonym: "glutamate synthase (NADH2)" [] is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content [Term] id: TO:0000313 name: perodidase-71 content def: "Catalysis of the reaction\: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7, GO:0004601] related_synonym: "P71CN" [] is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content [Term] id: TO:0000314 name: phosphoglycerate mutase content def: "Catalysis of the reaction\: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = 3-phospho-D-glycerate." [EC:5.4.2.1, GO:0004619] related_synonym: "PGAM" [] related_synonym: "PGAMCN" [] is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content [Term] id: TO:0000315 name: bacterial disease resistance def: "The resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to the disease caused by a bacterial pathogen infection as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj] comment: It represents the damage done by the diease and/or the pathogen to the plant. The damage is a direct measure of resistance to the particular bacterial strain causing the disease. is_a: TO:0000112 ! disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000316 name: photosynthetic ability def: "The photosynthesis ability determined on a plant or the plant part under stress." [GR:pj] comment: Methods may include actual measurements on photosynthesis\, pigment content or the content and composition of enzymes associated with photosynthesis. related_synonym: "PHOTOSYNAB" [] is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait [Term] id: TO:0000317 name: cutworm resistance def: "Causal agent\: Spodoptera litura" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "CUWRRS" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000318 name: reducing sugar content def: "Amount of reducing sugar present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj] comment: A reducing sugar is any sugar which in basic solution forms contain aldehyde or ketone groups that are oxidised to carboxylic acids. related_synonym: "REDSUGCN" [] is_a: TO:0000333 ! sugar content [Term] id: TO:0000319 name: rubisco content def: "Amount of Rubisco enzyme or protein present in a given plant or the plant part." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "RUBISCOCN" [] is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content [Term] id: TO:0000320 name: rubisco to chlorophyll ratio def: "A ratio of the amount of rubisco protein to that of the chlorophyll content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "RUBISCOCHLRO" [] is_a: TO:0000298 ! chlorophyll ratio is_a: TO:0000319 ! rubisco content [Term] id: TO:0000321 name: rubisco to nitrogen content ratio def: "A ratio of the amount of rubisco protein to that of the total nitrogen content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "RUBISCONICNRO" [] is_a: TO:0000319 ! rubisco content [Term] id: TO:0000322 name: phenotypic acceptability def: "Breeding objectives for each variety and trait varies. The evaluation should reflect the overall acceptability of the variety." [ICIS:1005, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "PAcp" [] related_synonym: "overall liking" [] is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait [Term] id: TO:0000323 name: stem rot disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Magnaporthe salvinii (Nakataea sigmoidea\, Sclerotium oryzae)\, and Helminthosporium sigmoideum var. irregulare. Symptoms\: dark lesions develop on the stems near the water line. Small\, dark bodies (sclerotia) develop\, weaken the stem and cause lodging. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1115, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "CULMROTRS" [] related_synonym: "SR" [] is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000324 name: rubisco to soluble protein ratio def: "A ratio of the amount of rubisco protein to that of the soluble protein content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "RUBISCOSPROTRO" [] is_a: TO:0000319 ! rubisco content [Term] id: TO:0000325 name: soluble protein content def: "Amount of the soluble protein present in the plant or the plant part." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "SPROTCN" [] is_a: TO:0000490 ! protein composition related trait is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content [Term] id: TO:0000326 name: leaf color def: "Changes observed in the color of leaf." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "LFCL" [] is_a: TO:0000419 ! leaf anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000327 name: biomass yield def: "The material produced by the growth of plants\, especially as a product of farming." [ICIS:1301, ISBN:0198506732] related_synonym: "BIOMYLD" [] related_synonym: "BY" [] is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait [Term] id: TO:0000328 name: sucrose content def: "The amount of sucrose present in the plant or the plant part." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "SUCROSECN" [] related_synonym: "saccharose content" [] is_a: TO:0006007 ! polysaccharide content [Term] id: TO:0000329 name: tillering ability def: "Degree of tillering is affected by variety\, spacing of plants in the field\, season of planting\, and environmental conditions e.g. nitrogen levels." [GR:pj, ICIS:1009, ISBN:9712200299] related_synonym: "TIAB" [] related_synonym: "Ti" [] is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait [Term] id: TO:0000330 name: outcrossing potential def: "It is a measure of percent seed set on the out-pollinated primary panicle." [GR:pj, ICIS:1061, IRRI:SES] comment: . related_synonym: "extent of outcrossing" [] related_synonym: "extent of outcrossing on male sterile lines" [] is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait [Term] id: TO:0000331 name: sucrose phosphate synthase activity def: "Catalysis of the reaction\: UDP-glucose + D-fructose 6-phosphate = UDP + sucrose 6-phosphate." [EC:2.4.1.14, GO:0046524] related_synonym: "SPS" [] related_synonym: "SPSACT" [] related_synonym: "UDP-glucose-fructose-phosphate glucosyltransferase" [] related_synonym: "sucrose 6-phosphate synthase" [] related_synonym: "sucrose phosphate synthetase" [] related_synonym: "sucrose phosphate-uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase" [] related_synonym: "sucrose-phosphate synthase activity" [] related_synonym: "sucrosephosphate-UDP glucosyltransferase" [] related_synonym: "uridine diphosphoglucose-fructose phosphate glucosyltransferase" [] is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity [Term] id: TO:0000332 name: rice whorl maggot resistance def: "Causal agent\: Hydrellia philippina. Symptoms\: Leaf margin feeding causes conspicuous damage and sometimes stunting of plants." [GR:pj, ICIS:1162, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "RWM" [] related_synonym: "RWMRS" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000333 name: sugar content def: "Amount of sugar present in the plant or the plant part." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "SUGARCN" [] is_a: TO:0000291 ! carbohydrate content [Term] id: TO:0000334 name: hybrid evaluation related_synonym: "parental line evaluation" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000335 name: ligule shape def: "Defines the actual shape of the ligule" [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "LIGSHP" [] related_synonym: "LS" [] is_a: TO:0002748 ! ligule anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000336 name: total amylase activity def: "A combined activity of both the alpha and beta amylase enzymes." [EC:3.2.1.-, GO:0016160, GR:pj] related_synonym: "TAMYASEACT" [] related_synonym: "amylase activity" [] is_a: TO:0000703 ! amylase activity relationship: part_of TO:0000606 ! diastatic power [Term] id: TO:0000337 name: kneeing ability def: "Represents the angle of the tiller in the submerged water fields (flash flooding). " [ICIS:1212, IRRI:SES] comment: Less is the tiller angle compared to water surface the least is the chance of plant's survivability. related_synonym: "KNEAB" [] related_synonym: "KnA" [] related_synonym: "tiller angle" [] is_a: TO:0000114 ! flooding related trait [Term] id: TO:0000338 name: beta-amylase activity def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of 1\,4-alpha-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides to remove successive maltose units from the non-reducing ends of the chains." [EC:3.2.1.2, GO:0016161] related_synonym: "BETAAMYASEACT" [] is_a: TO:0000703 ! amylase activity relationship: part_of TO:0000336 ! total amylase activity [Term] id: TO:0000339 name: stem thickness alt_id: TO:0000535 def: "Thickness of the stem." [GR:pj] synonym: "STEMTH" [] related_synonym: "CULMTH" [] related_synonym: "culm thickness" [] related_synonym: "culm thickness (sensu Poaceae)" [] is_a: TO:0000051 ! stem strength [Term] id: TO:0000340 name: total soluble sugar content def: "Total amount of soluble sugar present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "TSOLSUGARCN" [] is_a: TO:0000333 ! sugar content [Term] id: TO:0000341 name: plant genetic trait alt_id: TO:0000005 def: "A plant genetic trait is a distinguishable feature or a characteristic or a quality of character or a phenotypic feature of a developing or developed plant species which is genetically linked to a physical or genetic marker" [GR:pj] related_synonym: "obsolete trait term" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000342 name: panicle axis angle def: "Represents the angle of panicle axis." [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "PnAk" [] is_a: TO:0000270 ! inflorescence axis angle [Term] id: TO:0000343 name: grass weed def: "a common grass weed Echinochloa glabbrescens or Echinochloa crus-galli (Barnyard grass)\, Typha spp. (Cattails)\, Leptochloa fascicularis (Bearded sprangletop) grows as a weed in the rice field. Can be distinguished from rice plant by the leaf shape\, venation\, stem cross-section and plant shape leaf shape." [GR:pj, ISBN:9712200299, www:http //www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r682700999.html] is_a: TO:0000347 ! weed damage [Term] id: TO:0000344 name: days to flower def: "Number of days from the seed sowing or the seedling transplant date (in some cases of rice) to the anthesis (flowering) stage. " [GR:pj] comment: Often determinded by either pollen shedding\, exsertion of the anthers or simply opening of the flower. related_synonym: "DTFL" [] exact_synonym: "days to flowering" [] narrow_synonym: "Delay in flowering time" [] is_a: TO:0002616 ! flowering time [Term] id: TO:0000345 name: seed viability related_synonym: "SDVIA" [] is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality [Term] id: TO:0000346 name: tiller number def: "Number of tillers per plant\, should represent most plants within a study. " [ICIS:1068, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "TINB" [] relationship: part_of TO:0000027 ! culm number [Term] id: TO:0000347 name: weed damage def: "Weeds reduce the yield regardless of planting season. They compete for sunlight\, nutrients and water. If any of these is lacking\, the others cannot be used effectively\, even if a lot are present. Thus\, the competition results in poor plant growth and less yield." [GR:pj, ISBN:9712200299] is_a: TO:0000236 ! crop damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000348 name: sogatodes resistance def: "Causal agent\: Sogatodes orizicola (Muir)\, Sagotella furcifera and Sogatodes cubanus. Sogatodes orizicola is also a vector for the Rice black streaked dwarf fijivirus and rice hoja blanca virus (RHBV)." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "SAGRS" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000349 name: physiological process related trait def: "Trait to assay the physiological processes in a plant" [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000283 ! biological process related trait [Term] id: TO:0000350 name: cms-hl type def: "Abortion of microspore development at bi-nucleate stage" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "CMS-HL" [] related_synonym: "HLCMS" [] is_a: TO:0000232 ! cytoplasmic male sterility (sensu Oryza) is_a: TO:0000415 ! aborted bi-nucleate stage [Term] id: TO:0000351 name: zinc sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to the zinc content in the growth medium. It acts as cofactor for certain enzymes like Class II Aldolases \, Metalloproteases\, alkaline phosphatase\, etc.. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1217, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "PDef" [] related_synonym: "ZNSN" [] related_synonym: "zinc deficiency" [] is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000352 name: plant dry weight def: "The dry weight of the whole plant." [GR:pj37] related_synonym: "DMASS" [] related_synonym: "PTDWT" [] related_synonym: "RTWT" [] related_synonym: "dry mass" [] related_synonym: "total dry mass" [] is_a: TO:0000327 ! biomass yield [Term] id: TO:0000353 name: aborted at pollen maturity stage def: "Abortion at later stage of microspore development\, the pollen looks like fertile pollen." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "PMTABR" [] is_a: TO:0000218 ! pollen abortion type [Term] id: TO:0000354 name: aluminum sensitivity def: "Sensitivity to aluminum content in the growth media." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "ALSN" [] related_synonym: "aluminum toxicity" [] is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000355 name: heterosis def: "Exceptional vigor of growth etc. in plants or in animal\, resulting from cross breeding among inter or intra species. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1011] related_synonym: "HET" [] related_synonym: "heterosis in f1 hybrid" [] related_synonym: "hybrid vigor" [] is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait [Term] id: TO:0000356 name: brown spot disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Cochliobolus miyabeanus (Bipolaris oryzae\, Drechslera oryzae).Symptom\: typical leaf spots are small\, oval or circular and dark brown. Larger lesions usually have same color on the edges but have a pale (usually grayish) center. Most spots have a light yellow halo around the outer edge." [GR:pj, ICIS:1105, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "BS" [] is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000357 name: growth and development trait def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the plant or plant parts." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000387 ! trait ontology [Term] id: TO:0000358 name: female sterility related_synonym: "FEMST" [] is_a: TO:0000485 ! sterility related trait [Term] id: TO:0000359 name: female flowering def: "Traits associated with the timing of the flowering (anthesis) of female flowers." [GR:pj] comment: Ofetn influenced by the environemnt that includes\, day light\, temperature and geographic location. related_synonym: "DTSLK" [] related_synonym: "FEMFLW" [] related_synonym: "FFLW" [] related_synonym: "Female flower anthesis" [] related_synonym: "Female flower flowering" [] related_synonym: "days to silk" [] is_a: TO:0002616 ! flowering time [Term] id: TO:0000360 name: leaf elongation rate def: "Measure of growth or elongation rate of the leaf in a plant. " [GR:pj] related_synonym: "LFELRATE" [] related_synonym: "leaf growth rate" [] is_a: TO:0000655 ! leaf development trait [Term] id: TO:0000361 name: stem anatomy and morphology trait def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the stem and its parts." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000077 ! shoot anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000362 name: rot disease is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000364 name: leaf collar color def: "Changes monitored in leaf collar color" [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "CC" [] related_synonym: "LFCCL" [] related_synonym: "collar color" [] relationship: part_of TO:0000326 ! leaf color [Term] id: TO:0000365 name: male flowering def: "Traits associated with the timing of the flowering (anthesis) of male flowers." [GR:pj] comment: Ofetn influenced by the environemnt that includes\, day light\, temperature and geographic location. related_synonym: "MALEFLW" [] related_synonym: "MFLW" [] related_synonym: "male flower anthesis" [] related_synonym: "male flower flowering" [] is_a: TO:0002616 ! flowering time [Term] id: TO:0000366 name: reproductive growth time def: "Measure of time taken by the reproductive growth phase in a plant's life cycle." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "RGTM" [] is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait [Term] id: TO:0000367 name: basal leaf sheath color def: "The changes in the color of basal leaf sheath. " [ICIS:1306, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "BALFSCL" [] related_synonym: "BLSC" [] is_a: TO:0002724 ! leaf sheath color [Term] id: TO:0000368 name: shoot elongation rate related_synonym: "SHELRATE" [] related_synonym: "elongation of plant height" [] is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait [Term] id: TO:0000369 name: vegetative growth time def: "Measure of the vegetative growth phase time in a plant's life cycle." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "VGTM" [] is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait [Term] id: TO:0000370 name: leaf width def: "Actual measurements\, in centimeters of the widest portion of the leaf. To be precise use the children terms leaf lamina width (TO\:0002720) or 'leaf sheath width (TO\:0002721)." [ICIS:1308, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "LFWD" [] related_synonym: "LW" [] is_a: TO:0002637 ! leaf size [Term] id: TO:0000371 name: yield trait def: "Traits that contribute directly or indirectly to the yield or the produce from a plant. IT may be determined in terms of weight or the number of grains/seed." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "YLD" [] is_a: TO:0000387 ! trait ontology [Term] id: TO:0000372 name: amylose to amylopectin ratio def: "Ratio of amount of amylose to amylopectin content." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "AMYAMYPCTRO" [] is_a: TO:0000291 ! carbohydrate content [Term] id: TO:0000373 name: inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait alt_id: TO:0000363 alt_id: TO:0000584 alt_id: TO:0000585 def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the inflorescence and its parts." [GR:pj] synonym: "inflorescence structure trait" [] related_synonym: "ear anatomy and morphology trait" [] related_synonym: "inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait (sensu Oryza)" [] related_synonym: "inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait (sensu Zea)" [] related_synonym: "inflorescence related trait (sensu Poaceae)" [] related_synonym: "panicle anatomy and morphology trait" [] related_synonym: "panicle related trait" [] related_synonym: "tassel anatomy and morphology trait" [] is_a: TO:0000077 ! shoot anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000374 name: breakdown viscosity related_synonym: "BRKVIS" [] is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality [Term] id: TO:0000375 name: brown rice ratio def: "Determined from grain length and grain width on dehulled unpolished rice grain." [GR:pj] synonym: "brown rice length to width ratio" [] related_synonym: "BRWRRO" [] is_a: TO:0002731 ! grain length to width ratio [Term] id: TO:0000376 name: consistency viscosity related_synonym: "CONVIS" [] is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality [Term] id: TO:0000377 name: cooked grain elongation related_synonym: "CKKEL" [] related_synonym: "cooked kernel elongation" [] is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality [Term] id: TO:0000378 name: leaf scald disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Monographella albescens (Microdochium oryzae). Symptoms\: the lesions occurs mostly near leaf tips\, but sometimes start at the margin of the blade and develops into large ellipsoid areas encircled by dark-brown\, narrow bands accompanied by a light-brown halo. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1110, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "LFSRS" [] related_synonym: "LSc" [] is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000379 name: cool paste viscosity related_synonym: "CPVIS" [] is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality [Term] id: TO:0000380 name: planthopper is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000381 name: cracked grain percentage def: "The percentage of cracked dehulled grain with most of the size still intact." [GR:pj] synonym: "fissured grain percentage" [] related_synonym: "CRKGRPCENT" [] is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality [Term] id: TO:0000382 name: 1000-seed weight alt_id: TO:0000533 def: "Measurements in grams of 1000 well-developed whole grains (seeds with the hull)\, dried to 13% moisture content\, weight on a precision balance." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "1000-grain weight" [] related_synonym: "TGRWT" [] related_synonym: "TSDWT" [] related_synonym: "thousand grain weight" [] related_synonym: "thousand seed weight" [] is_a: TO:0000589 ! seed weight (sensu Poaceae) [Term] id: TO:0000383 name: grain belly percent white def: "Percentage opaque white area in the kernel belly." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "GRBPCENTWHT" [] is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality [Term] id: TO:0000384 name: nematode damage resistance def: "An assay to determine the resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to nematode infestation as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "NDRS" [] is_a: TO:0000054 ! animal damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000385 name: milled grain color def: "Color of the dehulled\, milled grain\, which does not have pericarp." [GR:pj] comment: Based on the definition the term name was changed to milled grain color instead of grain color. For color of the dehulled grain please see pericarp color (TO\:0000707). synonym: "MGRCL" [] related_synonym: "GRCL" [] is_a: TO:0002617 ! fruit color [Term] id: TO:0000386 name: rice ragged stunt virus resistance def: "Causal agent\: rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV). Symptoms\: plants are stunted but remain dark green. Leaves are ragged and twisted. Vein swelling on leaf collar\, leaf blades and leaf sheaths." [GR:pj, ICIS:1112, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "RSVRS" [] is_a: TO:0000148 ! viral disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000387 name: trait ontology def: "It is a controlled vocabulary to describe each trait as a distinguishable feature\, characteristic\, quality or phenotypic feature of a developing or mature plant." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "TO" [] [Term] id: TO:0000388 name: forage yield def: "Yield of forage matter upon harvest." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "FRGYLD" [] related_synonym: "FY" [] related_synonym: "straw yield" [] is_a: TO:0000327 ! biomass yield [Term] id: TO:0000389 name: nuclear mediated male sterility def: "Shows mendelian inheritance\, caused by genetic modifications or mutations in the nuclear genome" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] xref_analog: scale:6 is_a: TO:0000106 ! male sterility type [Term] id: TO:0000390 name: grain core percent white def: "Percentage opaque white area in the kernel core." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "GRCPCENTWHT" [] is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality [Term] id: TO:0000391 name: seed size def: "seed size is determined by its length to width ratio" [GR:pj, ICIS:1302] synonym: "kernel size" [] is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality is_a: TO:0000653 ! seed development trait [Term] id: TO:0000392 name: sterility or fertility trait def: "The trait associated with measure of either the fertility or sterility\, contributed by nonfunctional male and or female plant parts or their incompatible interaction. This also includes traits on seed setting behavior in the fruit (caryopsis) of a grass plant that can be assayed in terms of spikelet sterility or fertility." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000387 ! trait ontology [Term] id: TO:0000393 name: yield and yield component is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000394 name: drought related trait def: "Response by the plant in terms of sensitivity to sufficiently prolonged water deficit/scarcity or scanty water content in the soil or growth medium\, that can cause damage to the plant." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "dessication related trait" [] is_a: TO:0000237 ! water stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000396 name: grain yield def: "The grain yield\, measured in kilograms per hectare at 14 percent moisture." [ICIS:1003, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "GRYLD" [] related_synonym: "Yld" [] related_synonym: "seed yield" [] is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait [Term] id: TO:0000397 name: grain size def: "Size of the dehulled\, milled grain without pericarp." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "GRSZ" [] is_a: TO:0002625 ! fruit size [Term] id: TO:0000398 name: whole plant related trait is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000399 name: grain thickness def: "Thickness of the dehulled grain with pericarp." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "GRTH" [] is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait relationship: part_of TO:0000397 ! grain size [Term] id: TO:0000400 name: sterile lemma color def: "Color of the sterile lemma" [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "SLmC" [] related_synonym: "STLEMCL" [] is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait relationship: part_of TO:0000536 ! floret color [Term] id: TO:0000401 name: plant growth hormone sensitivity related_synonym: "growth regulator sensitivity" [] related_synonym: "plant hormone response" [] is_a: TO:0000482 ! chemical stress sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000402 name: grain width def: "Width of the dehulled grain with pericarp." [GR:pj] synonym: "DHULGRWD" [] synonym: "dehulled grain curved width" [] synonym: "dehulled-grain width" [] synonym: "width of grain without hull" [] related_synonym: "GRWD" [] is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait is_a: TO:0002627 ! fruit width relationship: part_of TO:0000397 ! grain size [Term] id: TO:0000403 name: leaf-folder resistance def: "Causal agent\: Cnaphalocrosis medinalis\, Marasmia patnalis. Symptoms\: larvae consume the leaf tissue except the epidermis\, causing typical white streaks. They create a leaf tube during later stages of feeding. Plant is susceptible and resistant check (if available) after every 10-test entries. Replicate the test three times\, if seed is available. Determined by percentage of damaged and folded leaves. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1157, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "LF" [] related_synonym: "LFFRS" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000404 name: nodal rooting def: "Extent of rooting from the nodes on a stem." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait is_a: TO:0000656 ! root development trait [Term] id: TO:0000405 name: caseworm resistance def: "Causal agent\: Nymphula depunctalis. Symptoms\: Larvae feed on leaf tissue\, leaving only the papery upper epidermis." [GR:pj, ICIS:1153, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "CW" [] related_synonym: "CWRS" [] related_synonym: "float worm" [] related_synonym: "hama putih (indonesian)" [] related_synonym: "paddy caseworm" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000406 name: panicle threshability def: "Percentage of shattered grains\, determined by firmly grasping and pulling the hand over the panicle\," [ICIS:1008, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "PNTH" [] related_synonym: "Thr" [] is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000407 name: hoppers is_obsolete: true [Term] id: TO:0000408 name: hot paste viscosity related_synonym: "HPVIS" [] is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality [Term] id: TO:0000409 name: peak viscosity related_synonym: "PVIS" [] is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality [Term] id: TO:0000410 name: polished rice protein content def: "Total protein content of the polished rice." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "POLRPROTCN" [] is_a: TO:0000490 ! protein composition related trait is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content [Term] id: TO:0000411 name: seed length to width ratio def: "ratio of length to width of the seed or fruit caryopsis with hull." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "GRLGWDRO" [] related_synonym: "SDLGWDRO" [] related_synonym: "grain length to width ratio" [] is_a: TO:0000146 ! seed length [Term] id: TO:0000412 name: setback viscosity def: "Determined by deducting the peak viscosity from the cool paste viscosity." [GR:pj37] related_synonym: "SETBK" [] related_synonym: "SETBKVIS" [] related_synonym: "setback" [] is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality [Term] id: TO:0000413 name: rice tungro virus resistance def: "Causal agent\: Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV). The disease is transmitted by the green leafhopper Nephotettix spp. Symptoms\: Yellow-to-yellow orange leaves\, stunting and slightly reduced tillering." [GR:pj, ICIS:1113, IRRI:SES, web:http //www.fao.org/inpho/vlibrary/t0567e/T0567E03.htm] related_synonym: "RTD" [] related_synonym: "RTVRS" [] is_a: TO:0000148 ! viral disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000414 name: white rice protein content related_synonym: "WHTRPROTCN" [] related_synonym: "polished rice protein" [] related_synonym: "protein content for polished rice" [] is_a: TO:0000490 ! protein composition related trait is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content [Term] id: TO:0000415 name: aborted bi-nucleate stage def: "Abortion at bi-nucleate stage of microspore development" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] comment: An example is CMS-HL in rice related_synonym: "BNUABR" [] is_a: TO:0000218 ! pollen abortion type [Term] id: TO:0000416 name: embryosac abortion def: "Abortion of the embryosac leading to female sterility." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "EBSABR" [] is_a: TO:0000358 ! female sterility [Term] id: TO:0000417 name: lemma and palea pubescence def: "Extent of pubescence (hairs) on the lemma and palea" [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "LmPb" [] is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000418 name: bakanae disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Gibberella fujikuroi. Symptoms\: the plant elongates abnormally\, has few tillers and usually dies before producing grains. " [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "BKRS" [] related_synonym: "Bak" [] is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000419 name: leaf anatomy and morphology trait def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the leaf and its parts." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000077 ! shoot anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000420 name: fertility related trait is_a: TO:0000392 ! sterility or fertility trait [Term] id: TO:0000421 name: pollen fertility related_synonym: "POFRT" [] is_a: TO:0000420 ! fertility related trait [Term] id: TO:0000422 name: narrow brown leaf spot disease resistance def: "Causal agent\: Sphaerulina oryzina (Cercospora janseana)" [GR:pj, ICIS:1111, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "NBLFSPRS" [] related_synonym: "NBLS" [] is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000423 name: gall midge resistance def: "Causal agent\: Orseolia oryzae. For the field test to be valid more than 60% of the plants should be affected with not less than 15% silver shoot in the susceptible check. Similarly\, 60% of the plants in susceptible check should show silver shoots under green house tests. If any of the test entry in the field evaluation exhibits damage less than 10%\, on plant basis\, rate it on scale-0\, since such a damage could be due to other reasons. Monitor at growth stage 2-5" [ICIS:1155, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "GM" [] related_synonym: "GMRS" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000424 name: brown planthopper resistance def: "Causal agent\: Nilparvata lugens (also Nilaparvata lugens). Symptoms\: partial to pronounced yellowing and increasing severity of stunting. Extreme signs are wilting to death of plants. Infested areas in the field may be patchy. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1152, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "BPH" [] related_synonym: "BPHRS" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000425 name: anther culturability related_synonym: "ANTCAB" [] related_synonym: "anther culture response" [] is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait [Term] id: TO:0000426 name: internode color def: "Color of the stem internode." [ICIS:1064, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "CmlC" [] related_synonym: "INCL" [] related_synonym: "culm internode color" [] related_synonym: "stem internode color" [] relationship: part_of TO:0000056 ! stem color [Term] id: TO:0000427 name: culm angle def: "The angle of the culm with respect to the ground surface in a grass plant." [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "CULMAG" [] related_synonym: "CmA" [] is_a: TO:0000577 ! stem angle [Term] id: TO:0000428 name: callus induction related_synonym: "CAIND" [] is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait [Term] id: TO:0000429 name: salt sensitivity def: "Plant sensitivity observed in response to different concentrations of salt in the growth medium." [ICIS:1214, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "SALTSN" [] related_synonym: "Sal" [] related_synonym: "saline sensitivity" [] is_a: TO:0000480 ! nutrient sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000430 name: germination rate def: "Rate of germination of the seed." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "GERMRATE" [] related_synonym: "GERMSP" [] related_synonym: "germination speed" [] is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait [Term] id: TO:0000431 name: ear length related_synonym: "EARLG" [] is_a: TO:0000271 ! inflorescence length [Term] id: TO:0000432 name: temperature response trait def: "Response by the plant in terms of sensitivity to temperature stress." [GR:pj] is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000433 name: ear diameter def: "Diameter measurement of a corn ear." [GR:pj37] related_synonym: "EARDIA" [] is_a: TO:0000679 ! inflorescence diameter [Term] id: TO:0000434 name: root activity related_synonym: "RTACT" [] is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait [Term] id: TO:0000435 name: seed longevity related_synonym: "SDLNG" [] is_a: TO:0000345 ! seed viability [Term] id: TO:0000436 name: spikelet sterility def: "Determined by counting the filled and unfilled spikelets of the bagged grass inflorescence." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "SPKST" [] is_a: TO:0000485 ! sterility related trait [Term] id: TO:0000437 name: male sterility def: "In plants\, it represents the incompetence of the pollen to fertilize the ovum. Reasons could be non-viable pollen\, incompatibility\, pollen abortion\, toxicity\, genetic etc. Usually determined by either the pollen sterility or spikelet fertility (percent seed set)." [GR:pj] synonym: "MALEST" [] related_synonym: "degree of male sterility of male sterile lines" [] related_synonym: "male sterility measure" [] is_a: TO:0000485 ! sterility related trait [Term] id: TO:0000439 name: fungal disease resistance def: "The resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to the disease caused by a fungal pathogen infection as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj] comment: It represents the damage done by the diease and/or the pathogen to the plant. The damage is a direct measure of resistance to the particular fungal strain causing the disease. is_a: TO:0000112 ! disease resistance [Term] id: TO:0000440 name: grain number per plant def: "Number of grains (full grain with hull) present in one plant." [GR:pj37] related_synonym: "GRNBPPT" [] is_a: TO:0002759 ! grain number [Term] id: TO:0000441 name: humidity related trait is_a: TO:0000237 ! water stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000442 name: plant fresh weight def: "Fresh weight of the plant." [GR:pj37] related_synonym: "PLFWT" [] is_a: TO:0000327 ! biomass yield [Term] id: TO:0000443 name: ear number def: "Number of ears found in a plant or and average number present in population." [GR:pj] comment: To be used only for traits from maize. synonym: "ENO" [] synonym: "ENP" [] synonym: "ear number per plant" [] synonym: "ears per 10 plants" [] synonym: "ears per plant" [] related_synonym: "EARNB" [] is_a: TO:0000582 ! inflorescence number [Term] id: TO:0000444 name: parasitic weed is_a: TO:0000347 ! weed damage [Term] id: TO:0000445 name: seed number alt_id: TO:0000139 def: "Number of seeds in the fruit or those sampled from a given inflorescence in a grass plant." [GR:pj] comment: It is directly related to the filled grain number (TO\:0000447) and grain number (TO\:0002759). synonym: "seeds per panicle" [] related_synonym: "SDNB" [] is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait [Term] id: TO:0000446 name: leaf drying related_synonym: "LFDRY" [] is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait [Term] id: TO:0000447 name: filled grain number alt_id: TO:0000438 def: "Determined by counting the number of spikelets filled with grain in one Inflorescence (panicle)." [GR:pj] comment: Another trait seed number (TO\:0000445) is directly associated with it. synonym: "FILGRNB" [] synonym: "grain number per panicle (sensu Oryza)" [] related_synonym: "GRNBPPN" [] exact_synonym: "FGRNB" [] exact_synonym: "filled grain number per panicle" [] exact_synonym: "number of grains per panicle" [] is_a: TO:0002759 ! grain number [Term] id: TO:0000448 name: filled grain percentage def: "Determined by counting the percent spikelets filled with grain in one grass inflorescence (panicle) or plant." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "FGRPCENT" [] related_synonym: "Filled grain percent per panicle" [] is_a: TO:0002759 ! grain number [Term] id: TO:0000449 name: grain yield per plant def: "Average weight of dehulled grains per plant." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "GRYLDPPL" [] is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait [Term] id: TO:0000450 name: grain yield per panicle def: "Average weight of dehulled grains per panicle." [GR:pj] exact_synonym: "GRYLDPPN" [] is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait [Term] id: TO:0000451 name: large vascular bundle number to spikelet number ratio def: "A ratio of number of large vascular bundles present in the spikelets to the number of spikelets in a grass inflorescence." [GR:pj] related_synonym: "LVBNBSPKNBRO" [] is_a: TO:0000456 ! spikelet number is_a: TO:0000472 ! vascular bundle number [Term] id: TO:0000452 name: leaf area to spikelet number ratio def: "A ratio of leaf area to the number of spikelets in a grass inflorescence." [GR:pj] comment: Often measured using the flag leaf. related_synonym: "LFARSPKNBRO" [] is_a: TO:0000540 ! leaf area [Term] id: TO:0000453 name: panicle to tiller ratio def: "A ratio of number of tiller bearing the panicles to the total number of tillers in rice." [GR:pj] comment: Not all the tillers bear panicle. related_synonym: "PNTIRO" [] related_synonym: "panicle tiller ratio" [] related_synonym: "productive tiller percent" [] is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait [Term] id: TO:0000454 name: stem borer resistance def: "causal agents\: Chilo suppressalis (striped)\, C. polychrysus (dark headed)\, Rupela albinella (South American white)\, Scirpophaga incertulas (yellow)\, S innotata (white)\, Sesamia inferens (pink)\, Maliarpha separatella (african whiteheads)\, Diopsis macrophthalma (stalked-eyed fly)\, and several other species." [GR:pj, ICIS:1164, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "CULMBRRS" [] related_synonym: "SB" [] is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance [Term] id: TO:0000455 name: seed set percent related_synonym: "SDSPCENT" [] related_synonym: "percent seed set" [] is_a: TO:0000445 ! seed number [Term] id: TO:0000456 name: spikelet number def: "Average number of spikelets in one or more inflorescence (e.g. rice panicle) found in a plant or on all plants of a study." [GR:pj] synonym: "number of spikelets per panicle" [] synonym: "spikelet number per panicle" [] related_synonym: "SPKNB" [] is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait is_a: TO:0000621 ! inflorescence development trait is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000457 name: total biomass yield synonym: "dry matter yield" [] synonym: "total dry weight" [] related_synonym: "TBIOMYLD" [] is_a: TO:0000327 ! biomass yield [Term] id: TO:0000458 name: drought recovery def: "Scores are taken after 10 days following soaking rain or watering- Indicate the degree of stress before recovery\, " [IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "DRR" [] is_a: TO:0000394 ! drought related trait [Term] id: TO:0000459 name: root epidermis cell length def: "Length of the root epidermal cell length." [GR:pj37] related_synonym: "RTEPCELLG" [] is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait [Term] id: TO:0000460 name: light intensity sensitivity related_synonym: "light intensity response" [] is_a: TO:0000075 ! light sensitivity [Term] id: TO:0000461 name: basic vegetative phase related_synonym: "BAVEGPH" [] is_a: TO:0000369 ! vegetative growth time [Term] id: TO:0000462 name: gelatinization temperature def: "Is an indication of gelatinization temperature. Observed by placing six milled-grains/kernels in 10ml 1.7% KOH in a shallow container and arrange them so that they do not touch. Let them stand for 23hrs at 30C temperature and score for spreading. Measure for Alkali digestion is inversely proportional to the gelatinization temperature\, e.g. if alkali digestion is low\, the gelatinization temperature is high. " [GR:pj, ICIS:1256, IRRI:SES] related_synonym: "GELTZTMP" [] is_a: TO:0000489 ! carbohydrate composition related trait is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality [Term] id: TO:0000463 name: